Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Nov 24;24(23):16682. doi: 10.3390/ijms242316682.
Potassium is essential for plant growth and development and stress adaptation. The maintenance of potassium homeostasis involves a series of potassium channels and transporters, which promote the movement of potassium ions (K) across cell membranes and exhibit complex expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms. Rice is a major food crop in China. The low utilization rate of potassium fertilizer limits the yield and quality of rice. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of potassium absorption, transport, and utilization is critical in improving potassium utilization efficiency in rice. Although some K transporter genes have been identified from rice, research on the regulatory network is still in its infancy. Therefore, this review summarizes the relevant information on K channels and transporters in rice, covering the absorption of K in the roots, transport to the shoots, the regulation pathways, the relationship between K and the salt tolerance of rice, and the synergistic regulation of potassium, nitrogen, and phosphorus signals. The related research on rice potassium nutrition has been comprehensively reviewed, the existing research foundation and the bottleneck problems to be solved in this field have been clarified, and the follow-up key research directions have been pointed out to provide a theoretical framework for the cultivation of potassium-efficient rice.
钾是植物生长发育和适应胁迫的必需元素。维持钾离子的稳态需要一系列钾离子通道和转运蛋白，它们促进钾离子（K）在细胞膜间的运动，并表现出复杂的表达模式和调控机制。水稻是中国的主要粮食作物，钾肥利用率低限制了水稻的产量和品质。阐明钾吸收、转运和利用的分子机制对于提高水稻钾利用效率至关重要。虽然已经从水稻中鉴定出一些钾转运体基因，但对调控网络的研究仍处于起步阶段。因此，本综述总结了水稻中钾通道和转运体的相关信息，涵盖了根部钾的吸收、向地上部的转运、调控途径、钾与水稻耐盐性的关系以及钾、氮和磷信号的协同调控。对水稻钾营养的相关研究进行了全面综述，阐明了该领域现有的研究基础和需要解决的瓶颈问题，并指出了后续的关键研究方向，为高效钾水稻的培育提供了理论框架。
