School of Music and Dance, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China.
School of Politics and Public Administration, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Nov 23;11:1307596. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1307596. eCollection 2023.
Square dance is gaining increasing popularity among middle-aged and older Chinese women who are also at high risk of sleep disturbance. Although previous studies have shown exercise could improve sleep quality, the association between square dance and sleep quality remains to be discussed, and even less is known about the potential mechanism underlying this association.
This study aims to investigate the relationship between square dance and sleep quality and test if social support and depressive symptoms together play a serial mediating role in the influence of square dance on sleep quality.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 549 middle-aged and older Chinese females from September to December 2020 in Shao Yang City, Hunan Province of China, with ethics approval granted (SYU [2020]002). Square dance involvement was assessed by three questions about the time participants spent in square dance. Social support, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality were measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Social Support Self-Rating Scale (SSRS), and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. The serial mediation model was analyzed by the bootstrapping method to assess whether social support and depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between square dance and sleep quality.
Two-thirds of the participants had high involvement in square dance and most reported a moderate and high level of social support (98.54%). The prevalence of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance was 19.49 and 26.78%, respectively. The serial mediation model showed a significant association between square dance and sleep quality, which was fully mediated by social support and depressive symptoms in a serial model (total effect c = -0.114, 95%CI = -0.227 to -0.001; direct effect c' = -0.036, 95% CI = -0.138 to 0.065; total indirect effect ab = -0.077, 95% CI = -0.139 to-0.016).
Our study extends the understanding of how square dance is associated with sleep quality through the serial mediating roles of social support and depressive symptoms. It provides crucial implications for developing square dance interventions to improve sleep quality among middle-aged and older Chinese females.
广场舞在中国中老年女性中越来越受欢迎，而这些女性也面临着较高的睡眠障碍风险。尽管之前的研究表明运动可以改善睡眠质量，但广场舞与睡眠质量之间的关系仍有待探讨，而且对于这种关系的潜在机制知之甚少。
本研究旨在探讨广场舞与睡眠质量之间的关系，并检验社会支持和抑郁症状是否共同在广场舞对睡眠质量的影响中起连续中介作用。
本横断面研究于 2020 年 9 月至 12 月在中国湖南省邵阳市的 549 名中老年女性中进行，研究获得伦理批准（SYU[2020]002）。通过三个问题评估参与者参与广场舞的时间。社会支持、抑郁症状和睡眠质量分别使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、社会支持自评量表（SSRS）和 9 项患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）进行测量。采用 bootstrap 方法分析序列中介模型，以评估社会支持和抑郁症状是否在广场舞与睡眠质量之间的关系中起中介作用。
三分之二的参与者高度参与广场舞，大多数报告了中等和高水平的社会支持（98.54%）。抑郁症状和睡眠障碍的患病率分别为 19.49%和 26.78%。序列中介模型显示广场舞与睡眠质量之间存在显著关联，社会支持和抑郁症状在一个序列模型中完全中介了这种关联（总效应 c=−0.114，95%CI=−0.227 至−0.001；直接效应 c'=−0.036，95%CI=−0.138 至 0.065；总间接效应 ab=−0.077，95%CI=−0.139 至−0.016）。
本研究通过社会支持和抑郁症状的连续中介作用，扩展了对广场舞与睡眠质量之间关系的理解。这为制定广场舞干预措施以改善中国中老年女性的睡眠质量提供了重要启示。
