Differential expression of the genes encoding immune system components in response to and in .

In innate immunity, the first layer of defense against any microbial infection is triggered by the perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by highly specific pattern recognition receptors. The and are plant-pathogenic bacterial species that include pathogenic strains in a wide range of different plant species. In the current study, extensive analysis including gene expression of 12 hub genes, gene ontology, protein-protein interaction, and cis-element prediction to dissect the response to above-mentioned bacteria were performed. Further, we evaluated weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in the wild-type plants and mutant line and determined changes in responsive genes at two time-points (4 and 8 h) of post-treatment with and . Compared to the wild-type plants, mutant showed significant expression in most of the genes involved, indicating that their protein products have important role in innate immunity and RNA silencing pathways. Our findings showed that 12 hub genes were co-expressed in response to and infections Based on the network analysis, transcription factors, receptors, protein kinase, and pathogenesis-related protein (PR1) were involved in the immunity system. Gene ontology related to each module was involved in defense response, protein serine kinase activity, and primary miRNA processing. Based on the -elements prediction, MYB, MYC, WRE3, W-box, STRE, and ARE contained the most number of -elements in co-expressed network genes. Also, in mutant, most responsive genes against theses pathogens were up-regulated The knowledge gained in the gene expression analysis in response to and in the model plant, i.e., is essential to allow us to gain more insight about the innate immunity in other crops.