数字医疗和远程牙科在 21 世纪对牙科的影响：对匈牙利牙医的调查。
The impact of digital healthcare and teledentistry on dentistry in the 21st Century: a survey of Hungarian dentists.
机构信息
Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
出版信息
BMC Oral Health. 2023 Dec 19;23(1):1025. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03770-w.
BACKGROUND
The era of digitalization has arrived in the field of dentistry. Teledentistry (TD), the use of digital solutions in dentistry, is already used in practice; however, only some possibilities are considered. During the COVID-19 pandemic, remote patient monitoring and patient communication had to be solved with TD, thus causing a rapid spread of new tools. In addition to digital workflows, patient communication, AI, and online forums are also available.
METHODS
An online self-administered survey was developed for the study. The Hungarian Medical Chamber contacted potential respondents in a newsletter or e-mail. The Evasys survey system was used. The weighting procedure was executed for gender, age group, and type of settlement. A digital dental index variable was created and built with a linear regression model as a dependent variable. Explanatory variables are advantages, disadvantages, what would be necessary, experienced needs from the patients, and age.
RESULTS
A total of 171 dentists completed the survey. The best-known digital technologies are online conferences (96.5%), E-prescriptions (94.6%), and digital impressions (86.0%). Unawareness is the highest in the field of artificial intelligence in dentistry (50.5%), store-forward solutions (43.5%), and real-time solutions (41.8%). The digital dental index is 14.24 (standard deviation (SD) = 5.5), with a high power of the model.
CONCLUSION
Hungarian dentists need to be made aware of all the possibilities of TD. In addition to digital workflows, store-forward and real-time solutions can be beneficial to substitute face-to-face visits. TD can be used effectively to monitor oral cavity changes and develop dental confidence and proper oral care habits. Our survey suggests that it is necessary and inevitable to integrate TD into both graduate and postgraduate education, which may form the basis of primary health care in the next decade.
背景
数字化时代已经到来，牙科领域也开始采用远程医疗（TD），即利用数字化解决方案进行牙科治疗，目前已在实践中得到应用，但应用范围还比较有限。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，远程患者监测和医患沟通必须借助 TD 来解决，这也促使许多新工具迅速普及。除了数字化工作流程，医患沟通、人工智能和在线论坛也得到了应用。
方法
本研究采用在线自填式问卷调查。匈牙利医疗协会在新闻稿或电子邮件中联系潜在的受访者。使用的是 Evasys 调查系统。针对性别、年龄组和居住地类型进行了加权处理。创建了一个数字牙科指数变量，并使用线性回归模型作为因变量进行构建。解释变量包括优势、劣势、所需条件、患者体验到的需求以及年龄。
结果
共有 171 名牙医完成了调查。最知名的数字技术是在线会议（96.5%）、电子处方（94.6%）和数字印模（86.0%）。牙医对人工智能在牙科领域的应用（50.5%）、存储转发解决方案（43.5%）和实时解决方案（41.8%）了解程度最低。数字牙科指数为 14.24（标准差（SD）=5.5），模型的功效较高。
结论
需要让匈牙利牙医了解 TD 的所有可能性。除了数字化工作流程，存储转发和实时解决方案也可以替代面对面的就诊。TD 可有效用于监测口腔变化，培养患者信心，促进养成良好的口腔护理习惯。我们的调查表明，有必要将 TD 纳入从本科到研究生的医学教育，这可能成为未来十年初级卫生保健的基础。
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