Kaplan G A, Roberts R E, Camacho T C, Coyne J C
Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Feb;125(2):206-20. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114521.
The association between status attributes, personal resources, life stress, physical health, and occurrence of depressive symptoms nine years later was assessed by the 1965 Human Population Laboratory survey of a random sample of 6,928 adults in Alameda County, California, and by a subsequent follow-up survey in 1974. In multiple logistic analyses, depressive symptoms at baseline, low education, physical disability or presence of chronic conditions, poor perceived health, personal uncertainty, residential move, job loss, money problems, anomy, and social isolation were independently associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms at the nine-year follow-up. Age, low income, ethnicity, marital status, separation or divorce, and health practices at baseline were unrelated to depressive symptoms. These results underscore both the multifactorial nature of depression and the importance of prospective analyses of depressive phenomena.
1965年，加利福尼亚州阿拉米达县对6928名成年人进行了随机抽样的人口实验室调查，并于1974年进行了后续跟踪调查，评估了身份属性、个人资源、生活压力、身体健康与九年后抑郁症状发生之间的关联。在多项逻辑分析中，基线时的抑郁症状、低学历、身体残疾或慢性病、健康状况不佳、个人不确定性、搬家、失业、金钱问题、失范和社会隔离与九年随访时抑郁症状风险增加独立相关。年龄、低收入、种族、婚姻状况、分居或离婚以及基线时的健康习惯与抑郁症状无关。这些结果强调了抑郁症的多因素性质以及对抑郁现象进行前瞻性分析的重要性。
