Technical University Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
LMU Hospital, LMU Munich, Institute of Medical Education, Munich, Germany.
GMS J Med Educ. 2023 Nov 15;40(6):Doc67. doi: 10.3205/zma001649. eCollection 2023.
The concept of resilience is defined differently in the literature, with the definition depending on the criteria under consideration. Currently, the most commonly used definition is: resilience as "psychological resistance to biological, psychological, and psychosocial developmental risks". In order to systematically enhance resilience, it is necessary to first determine specific training needs. This study examines the resilience status of dental students in Germany from different academic years and derives interventions for resilience enhancement, as the field of dentistry is considered one of the "most stressful professions".
To determine the resilience status, a questionnaire was developed, consisting of the 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (10-Item CD-RISC), the Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale (MBI), the Negative Self-Image Scale (NSBS), and five self-formulated closed-ended questions. A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed, with 184 responses (43.7% female) received, including partially completed forms.
The resilience status shows an average moderate level of resilience (=28.43; =5.57). The subcomponents of (=23.66; =8.32) and (=33.69; =8.47) indicate an increased risk of burnout, but not (=5.04; =5.50). Overall, the participants have a positive self-image (=1.72; =0.69).
The study reveals that dental students have a moderate level of resilience. Dental students are not inherently prone to burnout, but they show reduced levels of emotional exhaustion and personal performance, suggesting a need for interventions in these areas. Possible interventions tailored to these training needs are discussed in the article. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of these interventions.
弹性的概念在文献中有不同的定义，定义取决于所考虑的标准。目前，最常用的定义是：弹性是“对生物、心理和心理社会发展风险的心理抵抗力”。为了系统地增强弹性，首先必须确定具体的培训需求。本研究从不同的学年考察了德国牙科学生的弹性状况，并得出了增强弹性的干预措施，因为牙科领域被认为是“压力最大的职业之一”。
为了确定弹性状况，开发了一份问卷，其中包括 10 项康纳-戴维森弹性量表（10-Item CD-RISC）、马斯拉赫倦怠量表（MBI）、消极自我形象量表（NSBS）和五个自我制定的封闭式问题。共发放了 320 份问卷，收到了 184 份回复（43.7%为女性），其中包括部分完成的表格。
弹性状况显示出平均中等水平的弹性（=28.43；=5.57）。（=23.66；=8.32）和（=33.69；=8.47）的子组件表明倦怠风险增加，但（=5.04；=5.50）没有。总体而言，参与者的自我形象积极（=1.72；=0.69）。
研究表明，牙科学生的弹性水平中等。牙科学生本身不容易出现倦怠，但他们表现出情绪耗竭和个人表现水平降低，表明需要在这些领域进行干预。本文讨论了针对这些培训需求的可能干预措施。需要进一步研究以确定这些干预措施的有效性。
