Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, China; Wuxi Fishery College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, China.
Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center (FFRC), Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214081, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2024 Feb;145:109302. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109302. Epub 2023 Dec 20.
Feeding high-fat (HF) diets has been shown to cause hepatic and intestinal impairment in fish species, but the mode of action, especially the pathways involved in the intestine, has not been determined yet. In this study, the effects of resveratrol (RES) supplementation on the intestinal structure, microbial flora, and fat metabolism in red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were determined. The results showed RES maintained the structural integrity of the intestine and significantly increased the number of goblet cells in the midgut. RES significantly induced interferon (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, serumal and fecal trimetlylamine oxide (TMAO) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), intestinal acetic acid levels. However, the concentrations of bound bile acids increased in HF-fed red tilapia. Atp5fa1 and Pafah1b3 significantly increased, Pmt and Acss2 significantly decreased, respectively, with RES supplementation, which was alleviated and retained at the same level in the selisistat (EX527) group. While for transcriptome and proteomics results, RES was found to promote fatty acid β-oxidation and arachidonic acid metabolism associated with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. The next validation experiment showed some genes related to apoptosis and fatty acid metabolism pathways were altered by RES supplementation. Namely, sn6, loc100702698, new_14481, and prkaa1 were upregulated, while ffrs1, ap3s1, and loc100705861 were downregulated. RES significantly increased Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia while decreased Moonvirus, Citrobacter, and Pseudomonas. Akkermansia and Fusobacterium significantly increased and Aeromonas significantly decreased. Thus, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis significantly increased and carbohydrate/energy metabolism decreased. To conclude, RES enabled the body to complete fatty acid β-oxidation and arachidonic acid metabolism, whereas the addition of inhibitors increased the expression of the phagosome transcriptome and reduced fatty acid β-oxidative metabolism.
高脂肪（HF）饮食喂养已被证明会导致鱼类的肝和肠道损伤，但作用模式，特别是涉及肠道的途径，尚未确定。在这项研究中，白藜芦醇（RES）补充对红罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）肠道结构、微生物菌群和脂肪代谢的影响。结果表明，RES 维持了肠道的结构完整性，并显著增加了中肠杯状细胞的数量。RES 显著诱导干扰素（IL）-1β、IL-6、IL-10 和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、血清和粪便三甲胺氧化物（TMAO）和脂多糖（LPS）、肠道乙酸水平。然而，在 HF 喂养的红罗非鱼中，结合胆汁酸的浓度增加。Atp5fa1 和 Pafah1b3 显著增加，Pmt 和 Acss2 分别显著减少，RES 补充后，在 selisistat（EX527）组中得到缓解并保持在同一水平。而对于转录组和蛋白质组学结果，RES 被发现促进与过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）信号通路相关的脂肪酸β-氧化和花生四烯酸代谢。随后的验证实验表明，RES 补充改变了一些与细胞凋亡和脂肪酸代谢途径相关的基因。即，sn6、loc100702698、new_14481 和 prkaa1 上调，而 ffrs1、ap3s1 和 loc100705861 下调。RES 显著增加了 Planctomycetes 和 Verrucomicrobia，而减少了 Moonvirus、Citrobacter 和 Pseudomonas。Akkermansia 和 Fusobacterium 显著增加，Aeromonas 显著减少。因此，不饱和脂肪酸生物合成显著增加，碳水化合物/能量代谢减少。总之，RES 使机体能够完成脂肪酸β-氧化和花生四烯酸代谢，而抑制剂的添加增加了吞噬体转录组的表达，并减少了脂肪酸β-氧化代谢。
