Histology Department, Kasr Al-ainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11591, Egypt.
Ann Anat. 2024 Feb;252:152203. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2023.152203. Epub 2023 Dec 19.
Bone defects lead to dramatic changes in the quality of life. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and decellularized bone matrix (DBM) are natural scaffolds for tissue regeneration. The microcarrier scaffolds enable better vascularization and cell proliferation. This study compared the effect of microcarrier forms of DBM and ADM-loaded with adipose stem cells (ASCs) in the repair of compact bone defect in-vivo.
Fifty-four male rats were divided into 4 groups; (i) Group (Gp) I: sham control; (ii) GpII: underwent femur bone defect induction and left to heal spontaneously; (iii) GpIII (ADM-Gp): included 2 subgroups; IIIa and IIIb: the bone defects were filled with non-loaded ADM and ADM-loaded with ASCs, respectively; (iv) GpIV (DBM-Gp): included 2 subgroups; IVa and IVb: the bone defects were filled with non-loaded DBM and DBM-loaded with ASCs, respectively. Animals were euthanized after 1, 2 and 3 months and their femur sections were stained with H&E, Masson's trichrome and immunohistochemistry for CD31, osteopontin and osteocalcin.
Histological analysis illustrated limited bone regeneration in the cortical defect of GpII after 3 months. The histomorphometric analysis showed significant delayed mature collagen deposition as well as CD31, osteopontin and osteocalcin expression. Superior capacity of new bone regeneration was detected with bio-scaffold micro-carriers; loaded or non-loaded with ASCs. However, DBM-loaded with ASCs displayed enhanced regeneration properties confirmed by the apparently normal architecture of the new bone and accelerated expression of CD31, osteopontin and osteocalcin in the regenerated bone after 3 months.
We concluded that decellularized scaffolds significantly improved compact bone regeneration with superiority of ASCs seeded-bone scaffolds.
骨缺损导致生活质量的显著变化。脱细胞真皮基质（ADM）和脱细胞骨基质（DBM）是组织再生的天然支架。微载体支架可促进更好的血管生成和细胞增殖。本研究比较了载脂肪干细胞（ASCs）的微载体形式的 DBM 和 ADM 在体内修复致密骨缺损的效果。
54 只雄性大鼠分为 4 组；（i）组（Gp）I：假对照；（ii）GpII：股骨骨缺损诱导后自行愈合；（iii）GpIII（ADM-Gp）：包括 2 个亚组；IIIa 和 IIIb：分别用未加载 ADM 和加载 ADM 的 ASCs 填充骨缺损；（iv）GpIV（DBM-Gp）：包括 2 个亚组；IVa 和 IVb：分别用未加载 DBM 和加载 DBM 的 ASCs 填充骨缺损。动物在 1、2 和 3 个月后处死，股骨切片用 H&E、Masson 三色和 CD31、骨桥蛋白和骨钙素免疫组化染色。
组织学分析表明，3 个月后 GpII 皮质缺损处骨再生有限。组织形态计量学分析显示成熟胶原蛋白沉积以及 CD31、骨桥蛋白和骨钙素表达明显延迟。生物支架微载体负载或未负载 ASCs 均显示出更好的新骨再生能力；然而，载有 ASCs 的 DBM 显示出增强的再生特性，新骨的明显正常结构和 CD31、骨桥蛋白和骨钙素在再生骨中的表达加速证实了这一点。
我们得出结论，脱细胞支架可显著改善致密骨再生，而载有 ASCs 的骨支架具有优势。
