一项队列研究中SARS-CoV-2感染后自我报告的体能下降及疫苗加强针的影响
Decreased Self-reported Physical Fitness Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Impact of Vaccine Boosters in a Cohort Study.
作者信息
Richard Stephanie A, Scher Ann I, Rusiecki Jennifer, Byrne Celia, Berjohn Catherine M, Fries Anthony C, Lalani Tahaniyat, Smith Alfred G, Mody Rupal M, Ganesan Anuradha, Huprikar Nikhil, Colombo Rhonda E, Colombo Christopher J, Schofield Christina, Lindholm David A, Mende Katrin, Morris Michael J, Jones Milissa U, Flanagan Ryan, Larson Derek T, Ewers Evan C, Bazan Samantha E, Saunders David, Maves Ryan C, Livezey Jeffrey, Maldonado Carlos J, Edwards Margaret Sanchez, Rozman Julia S, O'Connell Robert J, Simons Mark P, Tribble David R, Agan Brian K, Burgess Timothy H, Pollett Simon D
机构信息
Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2023 Nov 17;10(12):ofad579. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofad579. eCollection 2023 Dec.
BACKGROUND
The long-term effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on physical fitness are unclear, and the impact of vaccination on that relationship is uncertain.
METHODS
We compared survey responses in a 1-year study of US military service members with (n = 1923) and without (n = 1591) a history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We fit Poisson regression models to estimate the association between history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and fitness impairment, adjusting for time since infection, demographics, and baseline health.
RESULTS
The participants in this analysis were primarily young adults aged 18-39 years (75%), and 71.5% were male. Participants with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to report difficulty exercising (38.7% vs 18.4%; < .01), difficulty performing daily activities (30.4% vs 12.7%; < .01), and decreased fitness test (FT) scores (42.7% vs 26.2%; < .01) than those without a history of infection. SARS-CoV-2-infected participants were at higher risk of these outcomes after adjusting for other factors (unvaccinated: exercising: adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 3.99; 95% CI, 3.36-4.73; activities: aRR, 5.02; 95% CI, 4.09-6.16; FT affected: aRR, 2.55; 95% CI, 2.19-2.98). Among SARS-CoV-2-positive participants, full vaccination before infection was associated with a lower risk of post-COVID-19 fitness impairment (fully vaccinated: exercise: aRR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70-0.95; activities: aRR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.64-0.91; FT: aRR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-1.00; boosted: exercise: aRR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.51-0.74; activities: aRR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.41-0.65; FT: aRR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.49-0.70).
CONCLUSIONS
In this study of generally young, healthy military service members, SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with lower self-reported fitness and exercise capacity; vaccination and boosting were associated with lower risk of self-reported fitness loss.
背景
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对身体健康的长期影响尚不清楚，疫苗接种对这种关系的影响也不确定。
方法
在一项为期1年的研究中，我们比较了有（n = 1923）和没有（n = 1591）严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染史的美国军人的调查回复。我们采用泊松回归模型来估计SARS-CoV-2感染史与身体机能损害之间的关联，并对感染后的时间、人口统计学特征和基线健康状况进行了调整。
结果
本分析中的参与者主要是18 - 39岁的年轻人（75%），71.5%为男性。有SARS-CoV-2感染史的参与者比没有感染史的参与者更有可能报告运动困难（38.7%对18.4%；P <.01）、日常活动困难（30.4%对12.7%；P <.01）以及体能测试（FT）分数下降（42.7%对26.2%；P <.01）。在对其他因素进行调整后，感染SARS-CoV-2的参与者出现这些结果的风险更高（未接种疫苗者：运动方面：调整风险比[aRR]，3.99；95%置信区间[CI]，3.36 - 4.73；日常活动方面：aRR，5.02；95% CI，4.09 - 6.16；FT受影响方面：aRR，2.55；95% CI，2.19 - 2.98）。在SARS-CoV-2呈阳性的参与者中，感染前全程接种疫苗与COVID-19后身体机能损害风险较低相关（全程接种疫苗者：运动方面：aRR，0.81；95% CI，0.70 - 0.95；日常活动方面：aRR，0.76；95% CI，0.64 - 0.91；FT方面：aRR，0.87；95% CI，0.76 - 1.00；接种加强针者：运动方面：aRR，0.62；95% CI，0.51 - 0.74；日常活动方面：aRR，0.52；95% CI，0.41 - 0.65；FT方面：aRR，0.59；95% CI，0.49 - 0.70）。
结论
在这项针对一般年轻、健康军人的研究中，SARS-CoV-2感染与自我报告的身体机能和运动能力较低相关；接种疫苗和接种加强针与自我报告的身体机能丧失风险较低相关。
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