Rahman Sadiq, Kidwai Ali, Rakhamimova Emiliya, Elias Murad, Caldwell William, Bergese Sergio D
Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Dec 18;13(24):3689. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13243689.
More than 600 million people globally are estimated to be living with chronic pain. It is one of the most common complaints seen in an outpatient setting, with over half of patients complaining of pain during a visit. Failure to properly diagnose and manage chronic pain is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, especially when opioids are involved. Furthermore, it is a tremendous financial strain on the healthcare system, as over USD 100 billion is spent yearly in the United States on healthcare costs related to pain management and opioids. This exceeds the costs of diabetes, heart disease, and cancer-related care combined. Being able to properly diagnose, manage, and treat chronic pain conditions can substantially lower morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs in the United States. This review will outline the current definitions, biopsychosocial model, subclassifications, somatosensory assessments, imaging, clinical prediction models, and treatment modalities associated with chronic pain.
据估计，全球有超过6亿人患有慢性疼痛。它是门诊中最常见的主诉之一，超过半数的患者在就诊时抱怨疼痛。未能正确诊断和管理慢性疼痛会导致相当高的发病率和死亡率，尤其是在涉及阿片类药物的情况下。此外，它给医疗系统带来了巨大的经济压力，因为美国每年在与疼痛管理和阿片类药物相关的医疗费用上花费超过1000亿美元。这超过了糖尿病、心脏病和癌症相关护理费用的总和。能够正确诊断、管理和治疗慢性疼痛状况可以大幅降低美国的发病率、死亡率和医疗费用。本综述将概述与慢性疼痛相关的当前定义、生物心理社会模型、亚分类、躯体感觉评估、影像学、临床预测模型和治疗方式。
