Astorino Carmela, De Nardo Eugenio, Lettieri Stefania, Ferraro Giuseppe, Pirri Candido Fabrizio, Bocchini Sergio
Center for Sustainable Future Technologies (CSFT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Livorno, 60, 10144 Torino, Italy.
Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
Membranes (Basel). 2023 Dec 6;13(12):903. doi: 10.3390/membranes13120903.
Membrane-based Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs) are promising candidates for energy-efficient industrial gas separations, especially for the separation of carbon dioxide over methane (CO/CH) and carbon dioxide over nitrogen (CO/N) for natural gas/biogas upgrading and carbon capture from flue gases, respectively. Compared to other separation techniques, membrane separations offer potential energy and cost savings. Ultra-permeable PIM-based polymers are currently leading the trade-off between permeability and selectivity for gas separations, particularly in CO/CH and CO/N. These membranes show a significant improvement in performance and fall within a linear correlation on benchmark Robeson plots, which are parallel to, but significantly above, the CO/CH and CO/N Robeson upper bounds. This improvement is expected to enhance the credibility of polymer membranes for CO separations and stimulate further research in polymer science and applied engineering to develop membrane systems for these CO separations, which are critical to energy and environmental sustainability. This review aims to highlight the state-of-the-art strategies employed to enhance gas separation performances in PIM-based membranes while also mitigating aging effects. These strategies include chemical post-modification, crosslinking, UV and thermal treatment of PIM, as well as the incorporation of nanofillers in the polymeric matrix.
基于膜的固有微孔聚合物（PIMs）是高效工业气体分离的有前途的候选材料，特别是用于天然气/沼气升级中二氧化碳与甲烷的分离（CO₂/CH₄）以及烟道气中二氧化碳与氮气的分离（CO₂/N₂）。与其他分离技术相比，膜分离具有潜在的能源和成本节约优势。超渗透的基于PIM的聚合物目前在气体分离的渗透率和选择性之间的权衡中处于领先地位，特别是在CO₂/CH₄和CO₂/N₂分离中。这些膜在性能上有显著提高，并且在基准罗布森图上呈线性相关，该图与CO₂/CH₄和CO₂/N₂罗布森上限平行，但明显高于它们。这种改进有望提高聚合物膜用于CO₂分离的可信度，并刺激聚合物科学和应用工程领域的进一步研究，以开发用于这些CO₂分离的膜系统，这对能源和环境可持续性至关重要。本综述旨在突出用于提高基于PIM的膜的气体分离性能同时减轻老化效应的最新策略。这些策略包括化学后改性、交联、PIM的紫外线和热处理，以及在聚合物基体中加入纳米填料。
