Galindo-Aldana Gilberto, Torres-González Cynthia
Laboratory of Neuroscience and Cognition, Mental Health, Profession, and Society Research Group, Autonomous University of Baja California, Hwy. 3, Col. Gutierrez, Mexicali 21725, Mexico.
Pediatr Rep. 2023 Dec 12;15(4):722-740. doi: 10.3390/pediatric15040065.
Children from rural areas face numerous possibilities of neurodevelopmental conditions that may compromise their well-being and optimal development. Neuropsychology and electroencephalography (EEG) have shown strong agreement in detecting correlations between these two variables and suggest an association with specific environmental and social risk factors. The present scoping review aims to describe studies reporting associations between EEG features and cognitive impairment in children from rural or vulnerable environments and describe the main risk factors influencing EEG abnormalities in these children. The method for this purpose was based on a string-based review from PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted from the outcomes that complied with the selected criteria. In total, 2280 records were identified; however, only 26 were eligible: 15 for qualitative and 11 for quantitative analysis. The findings highlight the significant literature on EEG and its relationship with cognitive impairment from studies in children with epilepsy and malnutrition. In general, there is evidence for the advantages of implementing EEG diagnosis and research techniques in children living under risk conditions. Specific associations between particular EEG features and cognitive impairment are described in the reviewed literature in children. Further research is needed to better describe and integrate the state of the art regarding EEG feature extraction.
农村地区的儿童面临着众多神经发育状况的可能性，这些状况可能会损害他们的幸福感和最佳发育。神经心理学和脑电图（EEG）在检测这两个变量之间的相关性方面显示出高度一致性，并表明与特定的环境和社会风险因素有关联。本综述旨在描述报告农村或弱势环境儿童脑电图特征与认知障碍之间关联的研究，并描述影响这些儿童脑电图异常的主要风险因素。为此目的的方法基于对PubMed、EBSCOhost和Web of Science的基于字符串的检索，遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）。对符合选定标准的结果进行定性和定量分析。总共识别出2280条记录；然而，只有26条符合条件：15条用于定性分析，11条用于定量分析。研究结果突出了关于脑电图及其与癫痫和营养不良儿童认知障碍关系的大量文献。总体而言，有证据表明在处于风险状况下生活的儿童中实施脑电图诊断和研究技术具有优势。综述文献中描述了儿童特定脑电图特征与认知障碍之间的具体关联。需要进一步研究以更好地描述和整合脑电图特征提取方面的最新技术水平。
