Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Dent Med Probl. 2023 Oct-Dec;60(4):687-696. doi: 10.17219/dmp/142871.
Oral mucosal diseases are a group of conditions that affect the oral mucosa with variable severity and include recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), oral lichen planus (OLP), pemphigus vulgaris (PV), mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These may manifest clinically as painful oral ulcerations, reticulations and/or erosions, with differences between each. Management protocols often include initial topical and/or systemic corticosteroid (CS) therapy to control the patient's acute symptoms, followed by CS-sparing agents for long-term maintenance therapy. Patients with oral mucosal diseases often require dental implants to replace missing teeth. However, data on potential complications and success rates for these cases is still lacking. Considering the steady increase in the incidence of immune-related systemic conditions in the general population globally, dentists are expected to have the needed knowledge and ability to safely place dental implants in this group of patients. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the underlying pathogeneses of common oral mucosal diseases, clinical presentations, best practice approaches, and recommendations for the placement of dental implants in patients with similar conditions.
口腔黏膜疾病是一组影响口腔黏膜的疾病，其严重程度不一，包括复发性阿弗他口炎（RAS）、口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）、寻常型天疱疮（PV）、黏膜类天疱疮（MMP）和系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）。这些疾病可能在临床上表现为疼痛性口腔溃疡、网状和/或糜烂，每种疾病之间存在差异。管理方案通常包括初始局部和/或全身皮质类固醇（CS）治疗以控制患者的急性症状，然后使用 CS 保留剂进行长期维持治疗。口腔黏膜疾病患者常需要种植牙来替代缺失的牙齿。然而，对于这些病例，潜在并发症和成功率的数据仍然缺乏。鉴于全球范围内与免疫相关的系统性疾病的发病率稳步上升，预计牙医需要具备相关知识和能力，以便在这组患者中安全地植入种植牙。因此，本综述旨在讨论常见口腔黏膜疾病的潜在发病机制、临床表现、最佳实践方法以及对类似情况下种植牙植入的建议。
