Zhong Peiyun, Yang Yuerong, Han Tianjiao, Huang Wenqi, Liu Yuxia, Gong Guiping, Huang Linjuan, Lu Yu, Wang Zhongfu
Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Jan 10;72(1):670-678. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06317. Epub 2023 Dec 22.
Human milk is important for infant growth, and oligosaccharides are one of its main functional nutrients. To enable a systematic comparison of free oligosaccharide and glycoconjugate content in milk from different species, the phenol-sulfuric acid and resorcinol assays were combined to determine the content. Using real samples, the method revealed that human milk contained the highest amount of total, neutral (9.84 ± 0.31 g/L), and sialylated (3.21 ± 0.11 g/L) free oligosaccharides, followed by goat milk, with neutral (0.135 ± 0.015 g/L) and sialylated (0.192 ± 0.016 g/L) free oligosaccharides and at a distance by bovine and yak milk. The highest total glycoconjugate content was detected in yak milk (0.798 ± 0.011 g/L), followed by human, bovine, and goat milk. These findings suggest that goat milk is the best source of free oligosaccharides in infant formula and functional dairy products and yak milk is the best source of glycoconjugates.
人乳对婴儿生长很重要，而寡糖是其主要的功能性营养成分之一。为了系统比较不同物种乳汁中游离寡糖和糖缀合物的含量，将苯酚 - 硫酸法和间苯二酚法结合起来测定含量。使用实际样品，该方法显示人乳中总游离寡糖、中性游离寡糖（9.84±0.31 g/L）和唾液酸化游离寡糖（3.21±0.11 g/L）含量最高，其次是山羊奶，含有中性游离寡糖（0.135±0.015 g/L）和唾液酸化游离寡糖（0.192±0.016 g/L），牛奶和牦牛奶的含量则与之相差较大。牦牛奶中检测到的总糖缀合物含量最高（0.798±0.011 g/L），其次是人乳、牛奶和山羊奶。这些发现表明，山羊奶是婴儿配方奶粉和功能性乳制品中游离寡糖的最佳来源，而牦牛奶是糖缀合物的最佳来源。
