Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Urology Department of Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, China.
Biomolecules. 2023 Nov 28;13(12):1715. doi: 10.3390/biom13121715.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a complex disease and the cause of one of the highest cancer-related mortalities in men worldwide. Annually, more than 1.2 million new cases are diagnosed globally, accounting for 7% of newly diagnosed cancers in men. Programmed cell death (PCD) plays an essential role in removing infected, functionally dispensable, or potentially neoplastic cells. Apoptosis is the canonical form of PCD with no inflammatory responses elicited, and the close relationship between apoptosis and PCa has been well studied. Necroptosis and pyroptosis are two lytic forms of PCD that result in the release of intracellular contents, which induce inflammatory responses. An increasing number of studies have confirmed that necroptosis and pyroptosis are also closely related to the occurrence and progression of PCa. Recently, a novel form of PCD named PANoptosis, which is a combination of apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, revealed the attached connection among them and may be a promising target for PCa. Apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and PANoptosis are good examples to better understand the mechanism underlying PCD in PCa. This review aims to summarize the emerging roles and therapeutic potential of apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and PANoptosis in PCa.
前列腺癌（PCa）是一种复杂的疾病，也是全球男性癌症相关死亡率最高的原因之一。全球每年新诊断出的病例超过 120 万例，占男性新诊断癌症的 7%。程序性细胞死亡（PCD）在清除感染、功能上不需要或潜在的肿瘤细胞方面起着至关重要的作用。细胞凋亡是 PCD 的典型形式，不会引起炎症反应，凋亡与 PCa 之间的密切关系已得到充分研究。细胞坏死和细胞焦亡是两种溶酶体形式的 PCD，导致细胞内内容物的释放，从而引起炎症反应。越来越多的研究证实，细胞坏死和细胞焦亡也与 PCa 的发生和进展密切相关。最近，一种新的 PCD 形式命名为 PANoptosis，它是细胞凋亡、细胞坏死和细胞焦亡的结合，揭示了它们之间的关联，可能成为 PCa 的一个有前途的治疗靶点。细胞凋亡、细胞坏死、细胞焦亡和 PANoptosis 是更好地理解 PCa 中 PCD 机制的很好例子。本综述旨在总结细胞凋亡、细胞坏死、细胞焦亡和 PANoptosis 在 PCa 中的新作用和治疗潜力。
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