Transcriptome Identification and Analysis of Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Expression at Different Temperatures in 6A7.

6A7 is a low-temperature yeast strain that can produce lipases. Yeast, which is made up of chassis cells, is an important part of synthetic biology, and the use of the lipase-producing properties of 6A7 for the production of fatty acids provides a new pathway for targeted synthesis in yeast cell factories. In this study, we performed RNA-seq on lipase-producing 6A7 at different temperatures (15 °C, 20 °C, 20 °C without corn oil, and 25 °C). Therefore, a total of 8455 differentially expressed genes were screened, and 16 of them were candidate genes. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of group A (15 °C) vs. group D (25 °C) showed that the pathways of fatty acid biosynthesis (map00061) and the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids (map01040) were significantly enriched. In the proposed temporal analysis of differentially expressed genes among the four temperature modulations, we found differentially expressed genes in nine clusters that had the same expression trends; these genes may be jointly involved in multiple biological processes in 6A7. In addition, we found 16 candidate genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, and the expression of these genes had similar expression in the transcriptome trends with the different temperature treatments. These findings will help in future in-depth studies of the function and molecular mechanisms of these important genes involved in fatty acid metabolism in yeast, and they could also be conducive to the establishment of a cellular factory for targeted fatty acid production by using yeast.