Behairy Mohammed Y, Eid Refaat A, Otifi Hassan M, Mohammed Heitham M, Alshehri Mohammed A, Asiri Ashwag, Aldehri Majed, Zaki Mohamed Samir A, Darwish Khaled M, Elhady Sameh S, El-Shaer Nahla H, Eldeen Muhammad Alaa
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha P.O. Box 61421, Saudi Arabia.
J Pers Med. 2023 Nov 26;13(12):1648. doi: 10.3390/jpm13121648.
Interleukin-1-receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) possesses a crucial function in the toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, and the dysfunction of this molecule could lead to various infectious and immune-related diseases in addition to cancers. genetic variants have been linked to various types of diseases. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to recognize the missense variants with the most damaging impacts on IRAK4 with the employment of diverse bioinformatics tools to study single-nucleotide polymorphisms' effects on function, stability, secondary structures, and 3D structure. The residues' location on the protein domain and their conservation status were investigated as well. Moreover, docking tools along with structural biology were engaged in analyzing the SNPs' effects on one of the developed IRAK4 inhibitors. By analyzing gene SNPs, the analysis distinguished ten variants as the most detrimental missense variants. All variants were situated in highly conserved positions on an important protein domain. L318S and L318F mutations were linked to changes in IRAK4 secondary structures. Eight SNPs were revealed to have a decreasing effect on the stability of IRAK4 via both I-Mutant 2.0 and Mu-Pro tools, while Mu-Pro tool identified a decreasing effect for the G198E SNP. In addition, detrimental effects on the 3D structure of IRAK4 were also discovered for the selected variants. Molecular modeling studies highlighted the detrimental impact of these identified SNP mutant residues on the druggability of the IRAK4 ATP-binding site towards the known target inhibitor, HG-12-6, as compared to the native protein. The loss of important ligand residue-wise contacts, altered protein global flexibility, increased steric clashes, and even electronic penalties at the ligand-binding site interfaces were all suggested to be associated with SNP models for hampering the HG-12-6 affinity towards IRAK4 target protein. This given model lays the foundation for the better prediction of various disorders relevant to IRAK4 malfunction and sheds light on the impact of deleterious IRAK4 variants on IRAK4 inhibitor efficacy.
白细胞介素-1受体相关激酶4(IRAK4)在Toll样受体(TLR)信号通路中具有关键作用,该分子功能失调除了会引发癌症外,还可能导致各种感染性疾病和免疫相关疾病。基因变异与多种类型的疾病有关。因此,我们进行了全面分析,利用多种生物信息学工具来识别对IRAK4具有最具破坏性影响的错义变异,以研究单核苷酸多态性对功能、稳定性、二级结构和三维结构的影响。还研究了这些残基在蛋白质结构域上的位置及其保守状态。此外,对接工具与结构生物学相结合,分析了单核苷酸多态性对一种已开发的IRAK4抑制剂的影响。通过分析该基因的单核苷酸多态性,该分析确定了10个变异为最有害的错义变异。所有变异都位于一个重要蛋白质结构域的高度保守位置。L318S和L318F突变与IRAK4二级结构的变化有关。通过I-Mutant 2.0和Mu-Pro工具发现,8个单核苷酸多态性对IRAK4的稳定性有降低作用,而Mu-Pro工具确定G198E单核苷酸多态性也有降低作用。此外,还发现所选变异对IRAK4的三维结构有有害影响。分子建模研究强调,与天然蛋白质相比,这些已识别的单核苷酸多态性突变残基对IRAK4 ATP结合位点与已知靶向抑制剂HG-12-6的可成药能力有有害影响。重要配体残基间接触的丧失、蛋白质整体柔韧性的改变、空间冲突的增加以及配体结合位点界面处的电子惩罚,都被认为与单核苷酸多态性模型有关,从而阻碍了HG-12-6对IRAK4靶蛋白的亲和力。该特定模型为更好地预测与IRAK4功能障碍相关的各种疾病奠定了基础,并揭示了有害的IRAK4变异对IRAK4抑制剂疗效的影响。