Faculty of Bioengineering and Veterinary Medicine and Center for Agrobiotechnology, Don State Technical University, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Federal Territory Sirius, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 9;24(24):17301. doi: 10.3390/ijms242417301.
Bats are natural reservoirs for many emerging viral diseases. That is why their virome is widely studied. But at the same time, studies of their bacterial gut microbiota are limited, creating a degree of uncertainty about the role of bats in global microbial ecology. In this study, we analyzed gut microbiota of insectivorous and from rehabilitation centers from Rostov-on-Don and Moscow, respectively, and fructivorous from the Moscow Zoo based on V3-V4 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing. We revealed that microbial diversity significantly differs between the insectivorous and fructivorous species studied, while the differences between and are less pronounced, which shows that bats' gut microbiota is not strictly species-specific and depends more on diet type. In the gut microbiota of synanthropic bats, we observed bacteria that are important for public health and animal welfare such as , , , , , , and , as well as some lactic acid bacteria such as , , , and . All these bacteria, except for and were significantly less abundant in . This study provides a direct metagenomic comparison of synanthropic insectivorous and zoo fructivorous bats, suggesting future directions for studying these animals' role in microbial ecology.
蝙蝠是许多新兴病毒病的天然宿主。这就是为什么它们的病毒组被广泛研究。但与此同时，对其细菌肠道微生物群的研究有限，这使得蝙蝠在全球微生物生态学中的作用存在一定程度的不确定性。在这项研究中，我们基于 V3-V4 16S rRNA 宏基因组测序，分析了来自顿河畔罗斯托夫和莫斯科康复中心的食虫蝙蝠和来自莫斯科动物园的食果蝙蝠的肠道微生物群。我们发现，所研究的食虫和食果物种之间的微生物多样性差异显著，而蝙蝠之间的差异则不太明显，这表明蝙蝠的肠道微生物群不是严格的物种特异性的，而是更多地取决于饮食类型。在兼性寄生蝙蝠的肠道微生物群中，我们观察到了一些对公共卫生和动物福利很重要的细菌，如、、、、、、和，以及一些乳酸菌，如、、和。除了和，所有这些细菌在食果蝙蝠中的丰度都明显较低。这项研究提供了对兼性寄生食虫蝙蝠和动物园食果蝙蝠的直接宏基因组比较，为研究这些动物在微生物生态学中的作用提供了未来的方向。
