School of Nursing, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
School of Nursing, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Dec 6;15(24):5022. doi: 10.3390/nu15245022.
Weight management during pregnancy and the postpartum period is an important strategy that can be utilized to reduce the risk of short- and long-term complications in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We conducted a systematic review to assess and synthesize evidence and recommendations on weight management during pregnancy and the postpartum period in women with GDM to provide evidence-based clinical guidance.
Nine databases and eighteen websites were searched for clinical decisions, guidelines, recommended practices, evidence summaries, expert consensus, and systematic reviews.
A total of 12,196 records were retrieved and fifty-five articles were included in the analysis. Sixty-nine pieces of evidence were summarized, sixty-two of which focused on pregnancy, including benefits, target population, weight management goals, principles, weight monitoring, nutrition assessment and counseling, energy intake, carbohydrate intake, protein intake, fat intake, fiber intake, vitamin and mineral intake, water intake, dietary supplements, sugar-sweetened beverages, sweeteners, alcohol, coffee, food safety, meal arrangements, dietary patterns, exercise assessment and counseling, exercise preparation, type of exercise, intensity of exercise, frequency of exercise, duration of exercise, exercise risk prevention, and pregnancy precautions, and seven focused on the postpartum period, including target population, benefits, postpartum weight management goals, postpartum weight monitoring, dietary recommendations, exercise recommendations, and postpartum precautions.
Healthcare providers can develop comprehensive pregnancy and postpartum weight management programs for women with GDM based on the sixty-nine pieces of evidence. However, because of the paucity of evidence on postpartum weight management in women with GDM, future guidance documents should focus more on postpartum weight management in women with GDM.
妊娠和产后期间的体重管理是一种重要策略，可以降低患有妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的女性发生短期和长期并发症的风险。我们进行了系统评价，以评估和综合妊娠期和产后期间 GDM 女性体重管理的证据和建议，为临床提供循证指导。
在九个数据库和十八个网站上搜索临床决策、指南、推荐实践、证据总结、专家共识和系统评价。
共检索到 12196 条记录，有 55 篇文章纳入分析。总结了 69 条证据，其中 62 条集中在妊娠期间，包括益处、目标人群、体重管理目标、原则、体重监测、营养评估和咨询、能量摄入、碳水化合物摄入、蛋白质摄入、脂肪摄入、纤维摄入、维生素和矿物质摄入、水摄入、膳食补充剂、含糖饮料、甜味剂、酒精、咖啡、食品安全、膳食安排、膳食模式、运动评估和咨询、运动准备、运动类型、运动强度、运动频率、运动持续时间、运动风险预防和妊娠预防；7 条集中在产后期间，包括目标人群、益处、产后体重管理目标、产后体重监测、饮食建议、运动建议和产后预防措施。
根据 69 条证据，医疗保健提供者可以为 GDM 女性制定全面的妊娠和产后体重管理计划。但是，由于缺乏 GDM 女性产后体重管理的证据，未来的指导文件应更多地关注 GDM 女性的产后体重管理。
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