Kong Weilin, Huo Ruiwen, Lu Yu, Fan Zhenjie, Yue Runqing, Ren Aixia, Li Linghong, Ding Pengcheng, Ren Yongkang, Gao Zhiqiang, Sun Min
College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and Efficient Production of Characteristic Crops on the Loess Plateau Jointly Built by Provinces and Ministries, Taigu, Jinzhong 030801, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Dec 14;12(24):4160. doi: 10.3390/plants12244160.
The composition and form of selenium in the soil have significant effects on the selenium content of crops. In this study, we investigated the selenium absorption pathway in plants by studying the interaction between nitrogen fertilizer and soil selenium. Our results showed that the selenium concentration enrichment factors (CEF) varied within the same region due to nitrogen fertilizer application, where they ranged from 1.33 to 5.02. The soil selenium flow coefficient (mobility factor, MF) increased with higher nitrogen application rates. The sum of the MF values for each soil layer treated with nitrogen application rates of 192 kg hm and 240 kg hm was 0.70, which was 64% higher than that for the control group with no nitrogen application. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the highest summed water-soluble and exchangeable selenium and relative percentage of total selenium (12.45%) was observed at a nitrogen application rate of 240 kg hm. In the 20-40 cm soil layer, the highest relative percentage content of water-soluble and exchangeable selenium and total selenium (12.66%) was observed at a nitrogen application rate of 192 kg hm. Experimental treatment of black wheat with various concentrations of sodium selenite showed that selenium treatment at 50 μmol L significantly increased the reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the leaves and roots of seedlings, where the GSH contents increased by 155.4% in the leaves and by 91.5% in the roots. Further analysis of the soil-black wheat system showed that nitrogen application in selenium-rich areas affected the soil selenium flow coefficient and morphological composition, thereby changing the enrichment coefficient for leaves (0.823), transport capacity from leaves to grains (-0.530), and enrichment coefficient for roots (0.38). These changes ultimately affected the selenium concentration in the grains of black wheat.
土壤中硒的组成和形态对作物的硒含量有显著影响。在本研究中，我们通过研究氮肥与土壤硒之间的相互作用，调查了植物对硒的吸收途径。我们的结果表明，由于施用氮肥，同一区域内的硒浓度富集系数（CEF）有所不同，范围在1.33至5.02之间。土壤硒流系数（迁移因子，MF）随氮肥施用量的增加而增加。施用192 kg/hm和240 kg/hm氮肥处理的各土层MF值之和为0.70，比不施氮肥的对照组高64%。在0-20 cm土层中，施用240 kg/hm氮肥时，水溶性和可交换性硒总量及总硒相对百分比最高（12.45%）。在20-40 cm土层中，施用192 kg/hm氮肥时，水溶性和可交换性硒及总硒的相对百分比含量最高（12.66%）。用不同浓度亚硒酸钠对黑小麦进行实验处理表明，50 μmol/L的硒处理显著提高了幼苗叶片和根系中还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）的水平，其中叶片中GSH含量增加了155.4%，根系中增加了91.5%。对土壤-黑小麦系统的进一步分析表明，在富硒地区施用氮肥会影响土壤硒流系数和形态组成，从而改变叶片的富集系数（0.823）、叶片到籽粒的转运能力（-0.530）和根系的富集系数（0.38）。这些变化最终影响了黑小麦籽粒中的硒浓度。
