Diaz-Martin Zoe, De Vitis Marcello, Havens Kayri, Kramer Andrea T, MacKechnie Linda M, Fant Jeremie
Department of Biology Spelman College Atlanta Georgia USA.
Chicago Botanic Garden Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action Glencoe Illinois USA.
Evol Appl. 2023 Nov 20;16(12):1956-1968. doi: 10.1111/eva.13614. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Plant production practices can influence the genetic diversity of cultivated plant materials and, ultimately, their potential to adapt to a reintroduction site. A common step in the plant production process is the application of seed pretreatment to alleviate physiological seed dormancy and successfully germinate seeds. In production settings, the seeds that germinate more rapidly may be favored in order to fill plant quotas. In this study, we investigated how the application of cold-moist stratification treatments with different durations can lead to differences in the genetic diversity of the propagated plant materials. Specifically, we exposed seeds of three species to two different cold stratification durations, and then we analyzed the genetic diversity of the resulting subpopulations through double-digestion restriction site-associated sequencing (ddRADseq). Our results show that, in two out of three species, utilizing a short stratification period will decrease the genetic diversity of neutral and expressed loci, likely due to the imposition of a genetic bottleneck and artificial selection. We conclude that, in some species, the use of minimal stratification practices in production may jeopardize the adaptive potential and long-term persistence of reintroduced populations and suggest that practitioners carefully consider the evolutionary implications of their production protocols. We highlight the need to consider the germination ecology of target species when selecting the length of dormancy-breaking pretreatments.
植物生产实践会影响栽培植物材料的遗传多样性，并最终影响其适应重新引入地点的潜力。植物生产过程中的一个常见步骤是进行种子预处理，以减轻种子的生理休眠并成功使种子发芽。在生产环境中，为了满足种植配额，可能会青睐发芽更快的种子。在本研究中，我们调查了不同时长的冷湿层积处理如何导致繁殖植物材料的遗传多样性产生差异。具体而言，我们将三个物种的种子分别置于两种不同时长的冷层积处理条件下，然后通过双酶切限制性位点关联测序（ddRADseq）分析所得亚种群的遗传多样性。我们的结果表明，在三个物种中的两个物种里，采用较短的层积处理时间会降低中性位点和表达位点的遗传多样性，这可能是由于遗传瓶颈和人工选择的作用。我们得出结论，在某些物种中，生产中采用最少的层积处理方法可能会危及重新引入种群的适应潜力和长期存续，并建议从业者仔细考虑其生产规程的进化影响。我们强调在选择打破休眠预处理的时长时，需要考虑目标物种的萌发生态学。
