Hareem Amina, Lee Joshua, Stupans Ieva, Park Joon Soo, Wang Kate
RMIT University, Australia.
Victoria University, Australia.
Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2023 Nov 25;12:100375. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2023.100375. eCollection 2023 Dec.
The utilization of electronic prescribing is growing, prompted by lockdown measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, despite this increasing adoption, there is a notable dearth of consolidated evidence regarding the challenges and opportunities associated with the integration of electronic prescribing systems within the daily clinical practices of community pharmacists.
This paper aims to systematically review the community pharmacists' perspectives on barriers and facilitators to electronic prescribing, addressing the significant need for understanding how electronic prescribing impacts the workflow and decision-making processes of pharmacists, ultimately influencing the quality of patient care.
PubMed, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were searched from January 1, 2000, to October 25, 2022, using search terms related to electronic prescribing, computerised physician order entry, community/retail pharmacies, and pharmacists.
A total of 28 studies were included in the systematic review. In these studies, community pharmacists perceived that design, interoperability, attitude towards e-prescribing technology, information quality, workflow, productivity, and accessible resources facilitated e-prescribing. In addition, the included studies emphasized the importance of technological support for the successful implementation of electronic prescribing systems. The system's design characteristics significantly improve e-prescribing technology's favourable effects. According to our review, it has been proposed that a poorly designed e-prescribing system can have a negative impact on the quality of care, implementation, and user satisfaction. In contrast, a well-designed system can significantly contribute to improvements.
The review highlighted that e-prescribing has both barriers and facilitators, with the quality of the system and its implementation influencing these factors. Technical issues and user acceptance (patient/prescribers/pharmacists) can act as barriers or enablers, highlighting the need for comprehensive consideration and monitoring of e-prescribing to identify and address potential issues.
在新冠疫情期间的封锁措施推动下，电子处方的使用正在增加。然而，尽管采用率不断提高，但关于电子处方系统融入社区药剂师日常临床实践所带来的挑战和机遇，仍明显缺乏综合证据。
本文旨在系统回顾社区药剂师对电子处方障碍和促进因素的看法，以满足深入了解电子处方如何影响药剂师工作流程和决策过程、最终影响患者护理质量的重大需求。
使用与电子处方、计算机化医师医嘱录入、社区/零售药店和药剂师相关的检索词，对2000年1月1日至2022年10月25日期间的PubMed、Embase和护理及联合健康文献累积索引（CINAHL）数据库进行检索。
该系统评价共纳入28项研究。在这些研究中，社区药剂师认为设计、互操作性、对电子处方技术的态度、信息质量、工作流程、生产力和可获取资源促进了电子处方。此外，纳入的研究强调了技术支持对成功实施电子处方系统的重要性。系统的设计特征显著改善了电子处方技术的积极效果。根据我们的综述，有人提出设计不佳的电子处方系统可能会对护理质量、实施和用户满意度产生负面影响。相比之下，设计良好的系统可显著促进改善。
该综述强调电子处方既有障碍也有促进因素，系统质量及其实施会影响这些因素。技术问题和用户接受度（患者/开处方者/药剂师）可能成为障碍或促成因素，这凸显了对电子处方进行全面考虑和监测以识别并解决潜在问题的必要性。
