Emerg Infect Dis. 2024 Jan;30(1):116-124. doi: 10.3201/eid3001.230778.
We conducted an epidemiologic assessment of disease distribution by race/ethnicity to identify subpopulation-specific drivers of tuberculosis (TB). We used detailed racial/ethnic categorizations for the 932 TB cases diagnosed in Arkansas, USA, during 2010-2021. After adjusting for age and sex, racial/ethnic disparities persisted; the Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (NHPI) group had the highest risk for TB (risk ratio 173.6, 95% CI 140.6-214.2) compared with the non-Hispanic White group, followed by Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic Black. Notable racial/ethnic disparities existed across all age groups; NHPI persons 0-14 years of age were at a particularly increased risk for TB (risk ratio 888, 95% CI 403-1,962). The risks for sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB were both significantly higher for racial/ethnic minority groups. Our findings suggest that TB control in Arkansas can benefit from a targeted focus on subpopulations at increased risk for TB.
我们对疾病的种族/族裔分布进行了流行病学评估，以确定结核病（TB）的亚人群特定驱动因素。我们使用了美国阿肯色州在 2010 年至 2021 年期间诊断的 932 例结核病病例的详细种族/族裔分类。在调整了年龄和性别后，种族/族裔差异仍然存在；与非西班牙裔白人组相比，夏威夷原住民/太平洋岛民（NHPI）组患结核病的风险最高（风险比 173.6，95%置信区间 140.6-214.2），其次是亚裔、西班牙裔和非西班牙裔黑人。在所有年龄组都存在显著的种族/族裔差异；0-14 岁的 NHPI 人群患结核病的风险特别高（风险比 888，95%置信区间 403-1962）。痰涂片阳性肺结核和肺外结核的风险对于少数民族群体都显著更高。我们的研究结果表明，阿肯色州的结核病控制可以从针对高风险亚人群的有针对性的重点关注中受益。
