School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, No. 122 Ninghai Road Gulou District, Nanjing, 210097, China.
Jiangsu Normal University Affiliated Experimental School, Xuzhou, China.
Psychol Res. 2024 Apr;88(3):987-1006. doi: 10.1007/s00426-023-01903-y. Epub 2023 Dec 26.
Event-based prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember to perform a delayed and intended action when an event is encountered in the future. Whether emotional targets promote PM performance is still controversial. The reason for these inconsistent findings may be related to the degree of target arousal and context valence (the valence of ongoing task trials) in the previous studies. This study aimed to investigate the separate and combined effects of target valence, arousal, and context valence on event-based PM through two experiments. The results showed that the participants were faster and more accurate in responding to positive, negative, and high-arousal PM targets. Interestingly, an interaction effect of target valence, arousal, and context valence was observed, implying that their individual effects on PM performance cannot be understood in isolation. These findings demonstrate that positive, negative, and high-arousal PM targets can enhance PM performance. In addition, the results provided support for both the emotion enhancement account and the emotion-saliency account, depending upon whether the valence of the PM target matched or did not match the valence of the context. Moreover, context valence can modulate the effect of arousal on PM across different target valences.
基于事件的前瞻性记忆（PM）是指在未来遇到事件时，能够记住执行延迟和预期的动作的能力。情绪目标是否能促进 PM 表现仍然存在争议。这些不一致发现的原因可能与之前研究中目标唤醒程度和上下文效价（正在进行的任务试验的效价）有关。本研究旨在通过两个实验来探究目标效价、唤醒程度和上下文效价对基于事件的 PM 的单独和综合影响。结果表明，参与者在对正性、负性和高唤醒 PM 目标的反应中更快、更准确。有趣的是，观察到了目标效价、唤醒程度和上下文效价的交互效应，这表明它们对 PM 表现的单独影响不能孤立地理解。这些发现表明，正性、负性和高唤醒的 PM 目标可以增强 PM 表现。此外，结果支持了情绪增强假说和情绪突显假说，具体取决于 PM 目标的效价是否与上下文的效价相匹配。此外，上下文效价可以调节不同目标效价下唤醒程度对 PM 的影响。
