Kim Kyuhyun, Kim Donghyun, Na Yoonsu, Song Youngsoo, Wang Jihoon
Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
Heliyon. 2023 Dec 2;9(12):e23135. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23135. eCollection 2023 Dec.
The CO trap mechanisms during carbon capture and storage (CCS) are classified into structural, residual, solution, and mineral traps. The latter is considered as the most permanent and stable storage mechanism as the injected CO is stored in solid form by the carbon mineralization. In this study, the carbon mineralization process in geological CO storage in basalt, sandstone, carbonate, and shale are reviewed. In addition, relevant studies related to the carbon mineralization mechanisms, and suggestions for future research directions are proposed. The carbon mineralization is defined as the conversion of CO into stable carbon minerals by reacting with divalent cations such as Ca, Mg, or Fe. The process is mainly affected by rock types, temperature, fluid composition, injected CO phase, competing reaction, and nucleation. Rock properties such as permeability, porosity, and rock strength can be altered by the carbon mineralization. Since changes of the properties are directly related to injectivity, storage capacity, and stability during the geological CO storage, the carbon mineralization mechanism should be considered for an optimal CCS design.
碳捕获与封存（CCS）过程中的CO捕集机制可分为结构捕集、残余捕集、溶解捕集和矿物捕集。后者被认为是最持久、最稳定的封存机制，因为注入的CO通过碳矿化以固体形式储存。在本研究中，综述了玄武岩、砂岩、碳酸盐岩和页岩地质CO封存中的碳矿化过程。此外，还提出了与碳矿化机制相关的研究以及对未来研究方向的建议。碳矿化定义为CO通过与Ca、Mg或Fe等二价阳离子反应转化为稳定的碳矿物。该过程主要受岩石类型、温度、流体成分、注入CO的相态、竞争反应和成核作用的影响。碳矿化会改变渗透率、孔隙率和岩石强度等岩石性质。由于这些性质的变化与地质CO封存期间的注入性、储存容量和稳定性直接相关，因此在优化CCS设计时应考虑碳矿化机制。
