Srinivasareddy Shubha
Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Consultant in Anaesthesia and Chronic Pain, Pennsylvania, United States.
Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim. 2023 Dec 27;51(6):465-469. doi: 10.4274/TJAR.2023.231479.
Gastric content aspiration occurs once every 2000-3000 general anaesthetics. It is associated with a 20% incidence of in-hospital mortality. The incidence of pulmonary aspiration in patients undergoing surgery is at least three times more, up to 1 in 895 general anaesthetics. Pulmonary aspiration indeed is associated with half of our airway-related mortality linked with anaesthesia. The pulmonary aspiration causes significant morbidity including respiratory failure, acute lung injury, and multi-organ failure in adults. This review study aims to compare the stomach volume and contents in patients following standard fasting guidelines by Point of care gastric ultrasound measurements. Perioperative gastric ultrasound is a developing diagnostic modality that is modest, easy, non-invasive and efficient. It is very helpful to determine gastric contents in adult, obese, paediatric, and obstetric patients. It is a dependable and replicable tool that can be used for effective anaesthetic management. Gastric ultrasound is an irreplaceable procedure to complement the use of fasting guidelines, particularly when these guidelines have not been followed, or may not be relevant. Further series of research with metanalysis is required to understand the influence of point-of-care gastric ultrasound assessment on perioperative outcomes.
每2000 - 3000例全身麻醉中就会发生1次胃内容物误吸。其与20%的院内死亡率相关。接受手术患者的肺误吸发生率至少高出3倍，每895例全身麻醉中就有1例发生。肺误吸确实与我们麻醉相关气道死亡率的一半有关。肺误吸会导致严重的发病情况，包括成人呼吸衰竭、急性肺损伤和多器官功能衰竭。本综述研究旨在通过床旁胃超声测量比较遵循标准禁食指南患者的胃容积和内容物。围手术期胃超声是一种正在发展的诊断方式，它适度、简便、无创且高效。它对于确定成人、肥胖、儿科和产科患者的胃内容物非常有帮助。它是一种可靠且可重复的工具，可用于有效的麻醉管理。胃超声是补充禁食指南使用的不可替代的程序，特别是当这些指南未被遵循或可能不适用时。需要进一步进行一系列荟萃分析研究，以了解床旁胃超声评估对围手术期结局的影响。
