Department of Pediatrics, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2024 Apr;37(2):474-483. doi: 10.1111/jhn.13269. Epub 2023 Dec 27.
Children with underweight in the first 2 years have lower body mass index z-score (zBMI) and height-for-age z-score (HAZ) in later childhood. It is not known if underweight in the first 2 years is associated with nutrition risk in later childhood.
(1) Determine the relationship between underweight (zBMI < -2) in the first 2 years and nutrition risk measured by the Nutrition Screening for Toddlers and Preschoolers (NutriSTEP) score from 18 months to 5 years. (2) Explore the relationship between underweight in the first 2 years and the NutriSTEP subscores for eating behaviours and dietary intake from 18 months to 5 years.
This was a prospective study, including healthy full-term children in Canada aged 0-5 years. zBMI was calculated using measured heights and weights and the WHO growth standards. NutriSTEP score was measured using a parent-completed survey and ranged from 0 to 68. Nutrition risk was defined as a score ≥21. Linear mixed effects models were used.
Four thousand nine hundred twenty-nine children were included in this study. At enrolment, 51.9% of participants were male. The prevalence of underweight children was 8.8%. Underweight in the first 2 years was associated with higher NutriSTEP (0.79, 95% CI: 0.29,1.29), higher eating behaviour subscore (0.24, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.46) at 3 years and higher odds of nutrition risk (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07,1.82) at 5 years.
Children with underweight in the first 2 years had higher nutrition risk in later childhood. Further research is needed to understand the factors which influence these relationships.
2 岁前体重不足的儿童在后期儿童期的体重指数 z 评分（zBMI）和身高年龄 z 评分（HAZ）较低。目前尚不清楚 2 岁前的体重不足是否与后期儿童的营养风险有关。
（1）确定 2 岁前体重不足（zBMI < -2）与 18 个月至 5 岁期间用幼儿和学龄前儿童营养筛查（NutriSTEP）评分测量的营养风险之间的关系。（2）探讨 2 岁前体重不足与 18 个月至 5 岁期间的 NutriSTEP 饮食行为和饮食摄入子评分之间的关系。
这是一项前瞻性研究，纳入了加拿大 0-5 岁的健康足月儿童。使用测量的身高和体重以及世界卫生组织生长标准计算 zBMI。NutriSTEP 评分使用家长完成的问卷调查进行测量，范围为 0 至 68。营养风险定义为评分≥21。使用线性混合效应模型。
本研究共纳入 4929 名儿童。入组时，51.9%的参与者为男性。体重不足的儿童患病率为 8.8%。2 岁前体重不足与较高的 NutriSTEP（0.79，95%置信区间：0.29，1.29）、3 岁时较高的饮食行为子评分（0.24，95%置信区间：0.03，0.46）和 5 岁时较高的营养风险几率（OR：1.39，95%置信区间：1.07，1.82）相关。
2 岁前体重不足的儿童在后期儿童期有更高的营养风险。需要进一步研究以了解影响这些关系的因素。
