College of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China.
Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China.
PLoS One. 2023 Dec 27;18(12):e0296348. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296348. eCollection 2023.
The incidence of falling has always been high among the elderly, and it was easy to cause injuries to the elderly and seriously affect their quality of life. There were many studies have been conducted on risk factors affecting the fall of the elderly, but the results widely, retirement institutions as a gathering place for the elderly, there was currently no comprehensive analysis of the factors related to elderly falls in pension institutions. This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of falls among older adults in Chinese nursing homes.
Chinese and English databases were searched for literature published from database inception to 5 April 2023 on the influencing factors of falls among older adults in Chinese nursing homes. Two reviewers independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.
Eleven studies involving 3503 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of falls among older adults in Chinese nursing homes was 32% [95% confidence interval (95%CI) (24.0%, 39.0%)]. The main influencing factors for falls among older adults in Chinese nursing homes were age (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.53), gender (OR = 5.50), visual impairment (OR = 2.30), sedative-hypnotics (OR = 2.36), fear of falling (OR = 2.95), hypertension (OR = 3.72), static balance (OR = 2.02), three or more chronic diseases (OR = 5.63), cognitive status (OR = 2.64), walking aid use (OR = 1.98), fall-related chronic diseases (OR = 2.48), self-awareness of abilities (OR = 2.43), and frequent reminders for fall prevention (OR = 0.10).
Falls among older adults in Chinese nursing homes were common, and there were many influencing factors. Timely screening and intervention should be implemented to reduce the adverse consequences of falls on older adults.
Registration number: CRD42023421099.
老年人跌倒的发生率一直很高，容易造成老年人受伤，严重影响其生活质量。有许多研究已经针对影响老年人跌倒的危险因素进行了研究，但结果差异很大。退休机构作为老年人的聚集地，目前还没有对养老院老年人跌倒相关因素进行全面分析。本研究旨在探讨中国养老院老年人跌倒的影响因素。
检索中国和英文数据库，获取自数据库成立至 2023 年 4 月 5 日关于中国养老院老年人跌倒影响因素的文献。两位审查员独立筛选文章、提取数据并评估纳入研究的质量。使用 RevMan 5.4 软件进行荟萃分析。
纳入的 11 项研究共涉及 3503 名参与者。荟萃分析结果显示，中国养老院老年人跌倒的发生率为 32%[95%置信区间（95%CI）（24.0%，39.0%）]。中国养老院老年人跌倒的主要影响因素为年龄（优势比（OR）=1.53）、性别（OR=5.50）、视力障碍（OR=2.30）、镇静催眠药（OR=2.36）、恐摔（OR=2.95）、高血压（OR=3.72）、静态平衡（OR=2.02）、三种或三种以上慢性病（OR=5.63）、认知状态（OR=2.64）、助行器使用（OR=1.98）、跌倒相关慢性病（OR=2.48）、自我感知能力（OR=2.43）和经常提醒预防跌倒（OR=0.10）。
中国养老院老年人跌倒较为常见，影响因素较多。应及时进行筛查和干预，降低老年人跌倒的不良后果。
注册号：CRD42023421099。
