Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Feb 25;913:169483. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169483. Epub 2023 Dec 25.
Since the discovery of the third allotropic carbon form, carbon-based one-dimensional nanomaterials (1D-CNMs) became an attractive and new technology with different applications that range from electronics to biomedical and environmental technologies. Despite their broad application, data on environmental risks remain limited. Fish are widely used in ecotoxicological studies and biomonitoring programs. Thus, the aim of the current study was to summarize and critically analyze the literature focused on investigating the bioaccumulation and ecotoxicological impacts of 1D-CNMs (carbon nanotubes and nanofibers) on different fish species. In total, 93 articles were summarized and analyzed by taking into consideration the following aspects: bioaccumulation, trophic transfer, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, organ-specific toxicity, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity and behavioral changes. Results have evidenced that the analyzed studies were mainly carried out with multi-walled carbon nanotubes, which were followed by single-walled nanotubes and nanofibers. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) was the main fish species used as model system. CNMs' ecotoxicity in fish depends on their physicochemical features, functionalization, experimental design (e.g. exposure time, concentration, exposure type), as well as on fish species and developmental stage. CNMs' action mechanism and toxicity in fish are associated with oxidative stress, genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. Overall, fish are a suitable model system to assess the ecotoxicity of, and the environmental risk posed by, CNMs.
自第三种同素异形碳形式被发现以来，基于碳的一维纳米材料（1D-CNMs）已成为一种具有不同应用的有吸引力的新技术，其应用范围从电子学到生物医学和环境技术。尽管它们的应用广泛，但关于环境风险的数据仍然有限。鱼类被广泛用于生态毒理学研究和生物监测计划。因此，目前的研究旨在总结和批判性分析专注于研究一维纳米材料（碳纳米管和纳米纤维）对不同鱼类生物积累和生态毒理学影响的文献。总共总结和分析了 93 篇文章，考虑了以下方面：生物积累、营养转移、遗传毒性、致突变性、器官特异性毒性、氧化应激、神经毒性和行为变化。结果表明，分析的研究主要是用多壁碳纳米管进行的，其次是单壁纳米管和纳米纤维。斑马鱼（Danio rerio）是作为模型系统使用的主要鱼类物种。CNMs 在鱼类中的生态毒性取决于其物理化学特性、功能化、实验设计（例如暴露时间、浓度、暴露类型）以及鱼类物种和发育阶段。CNMs 在鱼类中的作用机制和毒性与氧化应激、遗传毒性、肝毒性和心脏毒性有关。总的来说，鱼类是评估 CNMs 的生态毒性和环境风险的合适模型系统。
