Onigbogi Olanrewaju, Pratt Rebekah, Luo Xianghua, Everson-Rose Susan A, Cooney Ned L, Specker Sheila, Okuyemi Kolawole
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, 375 Chipeta Way, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 717 Delaware Street SE, Suite 166, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
Addict Behav Rep. 2023 Dec 12;19:100523. doi: 10.1016/j.abrep.2023.100523. eCollection 2024 Jun.
The prevalence of combustible cigarette smoking in populations experiencing homelessness in the United States is five times that of the general population. The psychosocial well-being of persons who smoke and experience homelessness is poorer if such persons also use alcohol heavily. The PTQ2 study was a randomized clinical trial among persons experiencing homelessness who were also current smokers and heavy alcohol consumers. Secondary data analysis of the PTQ2 baseline data was conducted to examine associations among psychosocial variables (anxiety, depression, hopelessness, social network size), heaviness of smoking (cigarettes/day) and alcohol consumption (drinking days/month), and duration and frequency of homelessness. Among the 420 participants, the majority were male (75%), black (70%) and non-Hispanic (94%) with a mean age of 46.6 years ( = 11.6). Bivariate analyses show that heaviness of smoking was positively correlated with social network size ( = 0.16, = .001). Heaviness of drinking was positively correlated with the MINI anxiety score ( = 0.13, = .009) and marijuana use (median total number of drinks in past 30 days among those who used marijuana in past 30 days vs. did not use: 50 vs. 24, < .0001), and associated with frequency of homelessness (median total number of drinks in past 30 days among those experiencing homelessness once vs. >1 time: 30 vs. 44, = .022). The findings highlight the psychosocial factors that warrant consideration when addressing heavy smoking and alcohol consumption in persons experiencing homelessness.
在美国，无家可归人群中吸食可燃香烟的比例是普通人群的五倍。吸烟且无家可归的人若还大量饮酒，其心理社会幸福感会更差。PTQ2研究是一项针对无家可归、同时又是当前吸烟者和大量饮酒者的人群的随机临床试验。对PTQ2基线数据进行了二次数据分析，以检验心理社会变量（焦虑、抑郁、绝望、社交网络规模）、吸烟量（每天吸烟支数）和饮酒量（每月饮酒天数）以及无家可归的持续时间和频率之间的关联。在420名参与者中，大多数为男性（75%）、黑人（70%）和非西班牙裔（94%），平均年龄为46.6岁（标准差 = 11.6）。双变量分析表明，吸烟量与社交网络规模呈正相关（相关系数 = 0.16，P = .001）。饮酒量与MINI焦虑评分呈正相关（相关系数 = 0.13，P = .009）以及与大麻使用呈正相关（过去30天内使用大麻者与未使用者在过去30天内的饮酒总量中位数：50对24，P < .0001），并且与无家可归频率相关（过去30天内无家可归一次者与无家可归超过一次者在过去30天内的饮酒总量中位数：30对44，P = .022）。这些发现凸显了在解决无家可归者的大量吸烟和饮酒问题时需要考虑的心理社会因素。
