Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Nissan Chemical Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2024;97(2):871-881. doi: 10.3233/JAD-230449.
An association between poor oral health and cognitive decline has been reported. Most of these studies have considered the number of teeth as a criterion, only a few studies have analyzed the relationship between occlusal status and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
To elucidate whether posterior occlusal contact is associated with AD, focusing on the Eichner classification, among an older population aged 65 years or older in Japan.
This study used monthly claims data of National Health Insurance in Japan from April 2017 to March 2020. The outcome was newly diagnosed AD defined according to ICD-10 code G30. The number of teeth was estimated by dental code data, and occlusal contact was divided into three categories, namely A, B, and C, according to the Eichner classification. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association between a new diagnosis of AD and the Eichner classification.
A total of 22,687 participants were included, 560 of whom had newly diagnosed AD during a mean follow-up period of 12.2 months. The AD participants had a lower proportion of Eichner A and a higher proportion of Eichner C. After adjusting for covariates, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) with Eichner B and C were 1.34 (1.01-1.77) and 1.54 (1.03-2.30), respectively.
In older people aged≥65 years old, reduced posterior occlusal contact as well as tooth loss have an impact on AD. This study emphasizes the importance of paying attention to occlusal contacts to reduce the risk of AD.
已有研究报道口腔健康状况不佳与认知能力下降之间存在关联。这些研究大多以牙齿数量为标准，仅有少数研究分析了咬合状态与阿尔茨海默病（AD）之间的关系。
在日本年龄≥65 岁的老年人群中，根据 Eichner 分类，探讨后牙咬合接触与 AD 之间的关系。
本研究使用了日本国家健康保险的月度理赔数据，时间范围为 2017 年 4 月至 2020 年 3 月。AD 的诊断结果根据 ICD-10 编码 G30 确定。牙齿数量通过牙科编码数据进行估计，根据 Eichner 分类，将咬合接触分为 A、B 和 C 三类。采用多变量 Cox 比例风险模型分析 AD 新诊断与 Eichner 分类之间的关系。
共纳入 22687 名参与者，其中 560 名在平均 12.2 个月的随访期间被诊断为 AD。AD 患者 Eichner A 类的比例较低，而 Eichner C 类的比例较高。调整了混杂因素后，Eichner B 和 C 的风险比（95%置信区间）分别为 1.34（1.01-1.77）和 1.54（1.03-2.30）。
在年龄≥65 岁的老年人中，后牙咬合接触减少以及牙齿缺失与 AD 有关。本研究强调了关注咬合接触以降低 AD 风险的重要性。
