College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
Chemosphere. 2024 Feb;350:141068. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141068. Epub 2023 Dec 29.
Aerobic composting is eco-friendly and sustainable practice for kitchen waste (KW) disposal to restore soil fertility and reduce environmental risks. However, KW compact structure, perishable nature, acidification by anaerobic acidogens, inhibits the metabolism of aerobic microbes, insufficient breakdown of organic matters, and prolong the composting duration. This study, co-composted coal fly ash (FA), to regulate bacterial dynamics, co-occurrence patterns and nutrients transformation in KW composting. Our results indicated, FA created suitable environment by increasing pH and temperature, which facilitated the proliferation and reshaping of microbial community. FA fostered the relative abundances of phlya (Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Actinobacteriota) and genera (Bacillus, Paenibacillus and Lysinibacillus), which promoted the nutrients transformation (phosphorus and nitrogen) in KW compost. FA enhanced the mutualistic correlations between bacterial communities, promoted the network complexity (nodes & edges) and contains more positive connections, which reflect the FA amendment effects. KW mature compost seed germination index reached >85% of FA treatment, indicated the final products fully met the Chinese national standard for organic fertilizer. These findings might provide opportunity to advance the KW composting and collaborative management of multiple waste to curb the current environmental challenges.
好氧堆肥是一种环保且可持续的厨房废物（KW）处理方法，可恢复土壤肥力并降低环境风险。然而，KW 的紧密结构、易腐性质、被厌氧产酸菌酸化、抑制好氧微生物的新陈代谢、有机物分解不足以及堆肥时间延长等问题，限制了其应用。本研究将粉煤灰（FA）共堆肥，以调节 KW 堆肥中的细菌动态、共存模式和养分转化。结果表明，FA 通过增加 pH 值和温度创造了适宜的环境，促进了微生物群落的增殖和重塑。FA 促进了 phyla（变形菌门、绿弯菌门和放线菌门）和属（芽孢杆菌属、类芽孢杆菌属和溶杆菌属）的相对丰度，促进了 KW 堆肥中养分（磷和氮）的转化。FA 增强了细菌群落之间的互惠共生关系，增加了网络的复杂性（节点和边）并包含更多的正连接，反映了 FA 对堆肥的改良效果。FA 处理的 KW 成熟堆肥种子发芽指数达到>85%，表明最终产品完全符合中国有机肥料的国家标准。这些发现为推进 KW 堆肥和多种废物的协同管理提供了机会，以遏制当前的环境挑战。
