Zou Jia-Cheng, Du Yan-Bin, Su Kai-Wen, Yu Cai-Hong, Liu Ying-Chao, Wang Chen-Chen, Xu De-Zhuo
School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2024 Jun 8;45(6):3638-3648. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202306033.
To achieve efficient resource utilization of fly ash and multi-source organic waste, a composting experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of fly ash on co-aerobic composting using kitchens, chicken manure, and sawdust (15:5:2). The effects of different application doses (5 % and 10 %, calculated in total wet weight of organic solid waste) of fly ash on physical and chemical properties, nutrient elements, and bacterial community structure during co-composting were evaluated. The results showed that the addition dose of 5 % and 10 % fly ash significantly increased the highest temperature (56.6 ℃ and 56.9 ℃) and extended the thermophilic period to nine days. Compared with that in the control, the total nutrient content of compost products in the treatments of 5 % FA and 10 % FA was increased by 4.09 % and 13.55 %, respectively. The bacterial community structure changed greatly throughout the composting, and the bacterial diversity of all treatments increased obviously. In the initial stage of composting, Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum of bacteria, with a relative abundance ranging from 35.26 % to 39.40 %. In the thermophilic period, Firmicutes dominated; its relative abundance peaked at 52.46 % in the 5 % FA treatment and 67.72 % in the 10 % FA treatment. and were the predominant groups in the thermophilic period of composting. The relative abundance of and in the 5 % FA and 10 % FA treatments were 33.41 % and 62.89 %() and 33.06 % and 12.23 %(), respectively. The results of the redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that different physicochemical indicators had varying degrees of influence on bacteria, with organic matter, pH, available phosphorus, and available potassium being the main environmental factors influencing bacterial community structure. In summary, the addition of fly ash promoted the harmlessness and maturation of co- aerobic composting of urban multi-source organic waste, while optimizing microbial community structure and improving the quality and efficiency of composting.
为实现粉煤灰和多源有机废弃物的高效资源利用，开展了一项堆肥实验，以研究粉煤灰对利用厨余、鸡粪和锯末（15:5:2）进行的共好氧堆肥的影响。评估了不同施用量（5%和10%，按有机固体废物总湿重计算）的粉煤灰对共堆肥过程中物理化学性质、营养元素和细菌群落结构的影响。结果表明，添加5%和10%的粉煤灰显著提高了最高温度（56.6℃和56.9℃），并将嗜热期延长至9天。与对照相比，5%粉煤灰处理和10%粉煤灰处理的堆肥产品总养分含量分别提高了4.09%和13.55%。整个堆肥过程中细菌群落结构变化很大，所有处理的细菌多样性均明显增加。在堆肥初期，变形菌门是优势菌门，相对丰度在35.26%至39.40%之间。在嗜热期，厚壁菌门占主导；其相对丰度在5%粉煤灰处理中达到峰值52.46%，在10%粉煤灰处理中达到峰值67.72%。芽孢杆菌属和嗜热放线菌属是堆肥嗜热期的优势菌群。5%粉煤灰处理和10%粉煤灰处理中芽孢杆菌属和嗜热放线菌属的相对丰度分别为33.41%和62.89%（芽孢杆菌属）以及33.06%和12.23%（嗜热放线菌属）。冗余分析（RDA）结果表明，不同理化指标对细菌有不同程度的影响，其中有机质、pH、有效磷和有效钾是影响细菌群落结构的主要环境因素。综上所述，添加粉煤灰促进了城市多源有机废弃物共好氧堆肥的无害化和成熟化，同时优化了微生物群落结构，提高了堆肥质量和效率。
