Liu Hao, Hu Jin, Li Li-Xia, Lu Zi-Shuo, Sun Xiu-Tao, Lu Hui-Jun, Jin Ning-Yi, Zhang Lei, Zhang Li-Na
School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
Honghe Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Mengzi, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Dec 14;14:1309650. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1309650. eCollection 2023.
Getah Virus (GETV) is an RNA virus that is transmitted by mosquitoes and can cause disease or death in a variety of vertebrates. Its prevalence is increasingly severe in Asia. This study conducted a GETV epidemiological investigation on 1,300 bovine sera collected in the Honghe Prefecture of Yunnan Province on the China-Myanmar border from 2022 to 2023. The positive rate of GETV antibodies in bovine serum in Honghe Prefecture was determined to be 20.25% through indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA) methods. Using Real-time PCR methods to detect GETV RNA in bovine serum, the positive rate was 0.23% (3/1300), and viral nucleic acids were only detected in three bovine sera in Jianshui area in 2022. The YN2305 strain was successfully isolated from mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) cells and the complete gene sequence was obtained. All the above results indicate the existence of GETV infection in cattle in Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Homology and genetic evolution analysis found that the isolated strain has a high homology with the JL1808 strain isolated from cattle in 2018, with a nucleotide identity of 100%, and a nucleotide identity of 99.8% with the SD17-09 strain isolated from foxes in 2017. Compared with the nucleotides of 44 virus strains published in Genbank, YN2305 has multiple nucleotide site mutations in the structural gene E2 and non-structural gene NS. The nucleotide and amino acid identity of the E2 gene are 94.2-100% and 96.4-100%, respectively. Genetic evolution analysis found that this virus strain is most closely related to the bovine origin JL1808, and it is in gene group III with HuN1, Kochi-01, SD17-09, MI-110-C1, and MI-110-C2 strains that causes significant clinical symptoms in Chinese pig, fox and horse populations, belonging to the same evolutionary branch. This study determined the infection rate, genotype, and main prevalence areas of GETV in bovine sera in the China-Myanmar border area. Therefore, the epidemiological investigation of GETV infection in multiple animal hosts should be further expanded, and research on its pathogenicity and vectors should be carried out.
格塔病毒(GETV)是一种RNA病毒,通过蚊子传播,可在多种脊椎动物中引起疾病或死亡。其在亚洲的流行日益严重。本研究对2022年至2023年在中国-缅甸边境云南省红河州采集的1300份牛血清进行了格塔病毒流行病学调查。通过间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法测定,红河州牛血清中格塔病毒抗体阳性率为20.25%。采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测牛血清中的格塔病毒RNA,阳性率为0.23%(3/1300),且仅在2022年建水地区的3份牛血清中检测到病毒核酸。从鼠神经母细胞瘤(N2a)细胞中成功分离出YN2305毒株并获得了完整基因序列。上述所有结果表明云南省红河州牛群中存在格塔病毒感染。同源性和遗传进化分析发现,分离株与2018年从牛分离出的JL1808毒株具有高度同源性,核苷酸同一性为100%,与2017年从狐狸分离出的SD17-09毒株的核苷酸同一性为99.8%。与Genbank中公布的44个病毒株的核苷酸相比,YN2305在结构基因E2和非结构基因NS中存在多个核苷酸位点突变。E2基因的核苷酸和氨基酸同一性分别为94.2 - 100%和96.4 - 100%。遗传进化分析发现,该病毒株与牛源JL1808关系最为密切,与在中国猪、狐狸和马群中引起明显临床症状的HuN1、Kochi - 01、SD17 - 09、MI - 110 - C1和MI - 110 - C2毒株处于基因组III,属于同一进化分支。本研究确定了中缅边境地区牛血清中格塔病毒的感染率、基因型和主要流行区域。因此,应进一步扩大对多种动物宿主中格塔病毒感染的流行病学调查,并开展其致病性和传播媒介的研究。