Wang Wei, Cui Jing, Liu Feng, Hu Yujie, Li Fengqin, Zhou Zhemin, Deng Xiangyu, Dong Yinping, Li Shaoting, Xiao Jing
NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.
Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Dec 18;14:1295769. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1295769. eCollection 2023.
, especially antimicrobial resistant strains, remains one of the leading causes of foodborne bacterial disease. Retail chicken is a major source of human salmonellosis. Here, we investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and genomic characteristics of in 88 out of 360 (24.4%) chilled chicken carcasses, together with 86 from humans with diarrhea in Qingdao, China in 2020. The most common serotypes were Enteritidis and Typhimurium (including the serotype I 4,[5],12:i:-) among from both chicken and humans. The sequence types were consistent with serotypes, with ST11, ST34 and ST19 the most dominantly identified. Resistance to nalidixic acid, ampicillin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol were the top four detected in from both chicken and human sources. High multi-drug resistance (MDR) and resistance to third-generation cephalosporins resistance were found in from chicken (53.4%) and humans (75.6%). In total, 149 of 174 (85.6%) isolates could be categorized into 60 known SNP clusters, with 8 SNP clusters detected in both sources. Furthermore, high prevalence of plasmid replicons and prophages were observed among the studied isolates. A total of 79 antimicrobial resistant genes (ARGs) were found, with , , , , , , and being the dominant ARGs. Moreover, nine CTX-M-type ESBL genes and the genes , , and were detected. The high incidence of MDR , especially possessing lots of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in this study posed a severe risk to food safety and public health, highlighting the importance of improving food hygiene measures to reduce the contamination and transmission of this bacterium. Overall, it is essential to continue monitoring the serotypes, implement the necessary prevention and strategic control plans, and conduct an epidemiological surveillance system based on whole-genome sequencing.
，尤其是抗菌耐药菌株，仍然是食源性细菌疾病的主要原因之一。零售鸡肉是人类沙门氏菌病的主要来源。在此，我们调查了中国青岛2020年360份（24.4%）冷藏鸡胴体中的88份以及86份腹泻患者分离株的沙门氏菌流行情况、抗菌耐药性（AMR）和基因组特征。鸡和人类分离株中最常见的血清型是肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（包括血清型I 4,[5],12:i:-）。序列类型与血清型一致，其中ST11、ST34和ST19最为常见。鸡源和人源分离株中检测到的对萘啶酸、氨苄西林、四环素和氯霉素的耐药性位居前四位。在鸡源（53.4%）和人源（75.6%）分离株中发现了高多重耐药性（MDR）和对第三代头孢菌素的耐药性。总共174株沙门氏菌分离株中的149株（85.6%）可分为60个已知的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）簇，在两种来源中均检测到8个SNP簇。此外，在所研究的分离株中观察到质粒复制子和前噬菌体的高流行率。共发现79个抗菌耐药基因（ARGs），其中blaTEM、blaCTX-M、tetA、tetB、sul1、sul2、dfrA1和aadA1是主要的ARGs。此外，还检测到9个CTX-M型超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）基因以及blaOXA-1、blaOXA-2、blaCMY-2和blaDHA-1基因。本研究中多重耐药沙门氏菌的高发生率，尤其是其拥有大量可移动遗传元件（MGEs），对食品安全和公共卫生构成了严重风险，凸显了改善食品卫生措施以减少该细菌污染和传播的重要性。总体而言，持续监测沙门氏菌血清型、实施必要的预防和战略控制计划以及开展基于全基因组测序的流行病学监测系统至关重要。
