Smart R G
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1987 Jan;19(1):91-7. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(87)90090-1.
Alcohol consumption declined by about 10.5% in Quebec and 2.5% in Ontario but increased by 9.5% in Alberta in the years 1974-1983. This created a 'natural experiment' in which the effects of various changes in alcohol consumption on alcohol problems could be assessed. Declines in rates of most alcohol problems were found in Quebec and Ontario despite their different rates of decrease in consumption. However, there were declines in alcoholism rates, and deaths from liver disease and the alcohol dependency syndrome in Alberta. Some problems such as impaired driving and toxic or accidental deaths from alcohol increased in Alberta, probably because of its relatively youthful population compared to Ontario and Quebec. Changes in alcohol consumption appeared to be an unreliable indicator of how various problems are changing.
1974年至1983年间，魁北克省的酒精消费量下降了约10.5%，安大略省下降了2.5%，但艾伯塔省却增长了9.5%。这创造了一个“自然实验”，通过它可以评估酒精消费的各种变化对酒精相关问题的影响。尽管魁北克省和安大略省的酒精消费量下降幅度不同，但这两个省大多数酒精相关问题的发生率都有所下降。然而，艾伯塔省的酗酒率、肝病死亡率和酒精依赖综合征死亡率有所下降。一些问题，如酒后驾车以及酒精导致的中毒或意外死亡在艾伯塔省有所增加，这可能是因为与安大略省和魁北克省相比，该省人口相对年轻。酒精消费量的变化似乎并不能可靠地反映各种问题是如何变化的。
