运营商在可持续观鲸旅游中的作用：提出一个持续培训框架。
The role of operators in sustainable whale-watching tourism: Proposing a continuous training framework.
机构信息
National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy.
Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2024 Jan 2;19(1):e0296241. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296241. eCollection 2024.
Whale watching is considered a form of green tourism, but can affect marine ecosystems, impacting cetaceans' behavior and potentially increasing acoustic pollution. A more sustainable whale-watching practice should employ a comprehensive approach involving all stakeholders, but whale-watching operators are rarely involved. We propose a method to assess whale-watching operators' perceptions regarding the possible effects of their activity on marine fauna and preferred mitigation solutions, by means of online questionnaires and website communication strategies. Results from Canadian whale-watching operators show that they observe regulations regarding distance to whales but only partially perceive general vessels' impacts on fauna. Three recognized whale-watching experts identify the need for continuous training targeted at operators, which should include the impacts on marine ecosystems. A continuous training framework is proposed that targets whale-watching operators in addition to tourists, and involves scientists in several steps of the approach. This study serves as a starting point to involve operators' in order to advance towards a sustainable whale-watching tourism.
观鲸被认为是一种绿色旅游形式，但它会影响海洋生态系统，影响鲸目动物的行为，并可能增加噪音污染。更可持续的观鲸实践应该采用一种综合的方法，涉及所有利益相关者，但观鲸运营商很少参与。我们通过在线问卷和网站沟通策略，提出了一种评估观鲸运营商对其活动对海洋动物群可能产生的影响的看法以及他们偏爱的缓解措施的方法。加拿大观鲸运营商的结果表明，他们遵守了与鲸鱼保持距离的规定，但只部分意识到了一般船只对动物群的总体影响。三位公认的观鲸专家认为，需要对运营商进行持续的培训，培训内容应包括对海洋生态系统的影响。本文提出了一个持续培训框架，除了游客外，还将目标对准观鲸运营商，并让科学家参与到该方法的几个步骤中。这项研究旨在让运营商参与进来，以促进可持续的观鲸旅游发展。
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