Occupational Health Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA; email:
Heluna Health, City of Industry, California, USA.
Annu Rev Public Health. 2024 May;45(1):315-335. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-060222-034715. Epub 2024 Apr 3.
Climate change poses a significant occupational health hazard. Rising temperatures and more frequent heat waves are expected to cause increasing heat-related morbidity and mortality for workers across the globe. Agricultural, construction, military, firefighting, mining, and manufacturing workers are at particularly high risk for heat-related illness (HRI). Various factors, including ambient temperatures, personal protective equipment, work arrangements, physical exertion, and work with heavy equipment may put workers at higher risk for HRI. While extreme heat will impact workers across the world, workers in low- and middle-income countries will be disproportionately affected. Tracking occupational HRI will be critical to informing prevention and mitigation strategies. Renewed investment in these strategies, including workplace heat prevention programs and regulatory standards for indoor and outdoor workers, will be needed. Additional research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in order to successfully reduce the risk of HRI in the workplace.
气候变化对职业健康构成重大危害。预计气温上升和更频繁的热浪将导致全球工人因与热相关的疾病而导致发病率和死亡率不断上升。农业、建筑、军事、消防、采矿和制造业的工人尤其容易受到与热相关的疾病（HRI）的影响。各种因素，包括环境温度、个人防护设备、工作安排、体力劳动以及使用重型设备，可能会使工人面临更高的 HRI 风险。虽然极端高温会影响世界各地的工人，但中低收入国家的工人受到的影响将不成比例。跟踪职业性 HRI 将对告知预防和缓解策略至关重要。需要重新投资于这些策略，包括工作场所的热预防计划以及室内和室外工人的监管标准。需要开展更多研究，以评估干预措施的有效性，以便成功降低工作场所中 HRI 的风险。
