Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India.
Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Feb;31(6):8354-8368. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-31680-5. Epub 2024 Jan 3.
Contaminated soil is one of today's most difficult environmental issues, posing serious hazards to human health and the environment. Contaminants, particularly micro-nano plastics, have become more prevalent around the world, eventually ending up in the soil. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the interactions of micro-nano plastics in plants and agroecosystems. However, viable remediation of micro-nano plastics in soil remains limited. In this review, a powerful in situ soil remediation technology known as phytoremediation is emphasized for addressing micro-nano-plastic contamination in soil and plants. It is based on the synergistic effects of plants and the microorganisms that live in their rhizosphere. As a result, the purpose of this review is to investigate the mechanism of micro-nano plastic (MNP) uptake by plants as well as the limitations of existing MNP removal methods. Different phytoremediation options for removing micro-nano plastics from soil are also described. Phytoremediation improvements (endophytic-bacteria, hyperaccumulator species, omics investigations, and CRISPR-Cas9) have been proposed to enhance MNP degradation in agroecosystems. Finally, the limitations and future prospects of phytoremediation strategies have been highlighted in order to provide a better understanding for effective MNP decontamination from soil.
受污染的土壤是当今环境领域最具挑战性的问题之一，对人类健康和环境构成严重威胁。污染物，尤其是微纳米塑料，在全球范围内越来越普遍，最终进入土壤。大量研究已经开展，以调查微纳米塑料在植物和农业生态系统中的相互作用。然而，可行的土壤中微纳米塑料的修复仍然有限。在这篇综述中，强调了一种强大的原位土壤修复技术，即植物修复，以解决土壤和植物中的微纳米塑料污染问题。它基于植物和生活在其根际的微生物的协同作用。因此，本综述的目的是研究植物对微纳米塑料（MNP）的吸收机制以及现有 MNP 去除方法的局限性。还描述了从土壤中去除微纳米塑料的不同植物修复选择。提出了植物修复的改进措施（内生细菌、超积累物种、组学研究和 CRISPR-Cas9），以增强农业生态系统中 MNP 的降解。最后，强调了植物修复策略的局限性和未来前景，以便更好地理解从土壤中有效去除 MNP。
