Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, USA.
J Sci Med Sport. 2024 Apr;27(4):243-249. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.12.007. Epub 2023 Dec 22.
With the premise that physical education classes should promote physical activity by teaching and learning fundamental motor skills, this study aimed to evaluate the fundamental motor skill proficiency of primary school students and determine the level of achievement of established learning outcomes for fundamental motor skills, as specified in the Polish National Physical Education Curriculum.
A cross-sectional design was used for this study. The sample consisted of 2605 children and adolescents enrolled in grades 1-3 (ages 7-9, n = 1165), 4-6 (ages 10-12, n = 837), and 7-8 (ages 13-14, n = 603), including 1353 boys and 1252 girls. The Fundamental Motor Skills in Sport test, a qualitative and process-oriented assessment tool, was used to evaluate fundamental motor skills. The Fundamental Motor Skills in Sport test evaluates the following movement skills: hurdles, jumping rope, forward roll, ball bouncing, ball throwing and catching, and kicking and stopping a ball.
The desired level of overall fundamental motor skill proficiency was achieved by only 2 % of students. An elementary level of fundamental motor skill proficiency was demonstrated by an additional 3.5 % of students. Further, the results showed that only 10-30 % of students had achieved mastery or were close to achieving mastery in a given fundamental motor skill. The skill with the lowest level of proficiency was jumping rope, which only 11 % of students had mastered or were near to mastering.
The present study of a large, nationally representative sample of primary school students in Poland indicates that the vast majority (approximately 94 %) of them demonstrated insufficient fundamental motor skill proficiency. This may greatly hinder effective, safe, and healthy participation in lifelong physical activity.
在体育课应以教授和学习基本运动技能来促进身体活动的前提下，本研究旨在评估小学生的基本运动技能熟练程度，并确定波兰国家体育课程中规定的基本运动技能学习成果的达成水平。
本研究采用横断面设计。样本包括 2605 名 1-3 年级（7-9 岁，n=1165）、4-6 年级（10-12 岁，n=837）和 7-8 年级（13-14 岁，n=603）的儿童和青少年，其中包括 1353 名男孩和 1252 名女孩。使用定性和过程导向的评估工具——运动基本运动技能测试（Fundamental Motor Skills in Sport test）来评估基本运动技能。该测试评估以下运动技能：跨栏、跳绳、前滚翻、拍球、投球和接球、踢球和停球。
只有 2%的学生达到了整体基本运动技能熟练程度的期望水平。另有 3.5%的学生达到了基本运动技能熟练程度的初级水平。此外，结果表明，只有 10-30%的学生在给定的基本运动技能中达到了精通或接近精通的水平。最不熟练的技能是跳绳，只有 11%的学生掌握或接近掌握。
本研究对波兰大规模、具有全国代表性的小学生样本进行了研究，结果表明，绝大多数（约 94%）学生的基本运动技能熟练程度不足。这可能极大地阻碍了他们有效、安全和健康地参与终身体育活动。
