Eather Narelle, Bull Adrienne, Young Myles D, Barnes Alyce T, Pollock Emma R, Morgan Philip J
Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Prev Med Rep. 2018 Jun 18;11:191-195. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.06.005. eCollection 2018 Sep.
Fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency is positively associated with a range of health outcomes, and is a predictor of lifelong participation in physical activities and sport. Yet low FMS proficiency levels in children prevail, particularly among girls performing object-control skills (e.g., kicking, catching). To identify where girls require the most support and inform future teaching resources and interventions, this cross-sectional study investigated proficiency levels of object-control skills and their specific performance components (subskills) in girls; and aimed to determine whether patterns in subskill mastery were evident in girls from two different developmental stages. This study included 153 girls (aged 4-12 years; mean age = 7.7, SD = 1.8) from the Hunter Region, Australia. Six object-control skills were video-assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2, TGMD-3); overall skill proficiency levels and mastery levels of subskills were determined. In summary, <5% (of the total group, 4-8 years or 9-12 years) demonstrated mastery or advanced skill level in the strike, stationary dribble, overhand throw or kick. Mastery levels were also poor for the majority of the 24 subskills, with mastery levels below 40% for the total group for 17 of the 24 subskills. Deficiencies in specific subskills were evident in the preparation, action and recovery phases of the six object-control skills. Only 6 of the 24 subskills mastery levels were significantly higher in the older age-group. Our investigation provides new evidence that may be useful for practitioners and researchers looking to support the optimal development of FMS proficiency among girls. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12615000022561.
基本运动技能（FMS）水平与一系列健康结果呈正相关，并且是终身参与体育活动和运动的一个预测指标。然而，儿童中FMS水平较低的情况普遍存在，尤其是在进行物体控制技能（如踢、接球）的女孩中。为了确定女孩在哪些方面最需要支持，并为未来的教学资源和干预措施提供参考，这项横断面研究调查了女孩物体控制技能的水平及其具体表现组成部分（子技能）；并旨在确定在两个不同发育阶段的女孩中，子技能掌握模式是否明显。本研究纳入了来自澳大利亚猎人地区的153名女孩（年龄4 - 12岁；平均年龄 = 7.7，标准差 = 1.8）。使用粗大运动发育测试（TGMD - 2、TGMD - 3）对六项物体控制技能进行视频评估；确定了总体技能水平和子技能的掌握水平。总之，（在整个组、4 - 8岁组或9 - 12岁组中）不到5%的女孩在击球、原地运球、过肩投掷或踢的技能方面表现出掌握或高级技能水平。对于24项子技能中的大多数，掌握水平也很差，24项子技能中有17项在整个组中的掌握水平低于40%。在六项物体控制技能的准备、动作和恢复阶段，特定子技能的不足很明显。在年龄较大的组中，24项子技能中只有6项掌握水平显著更高。我们的调查提供了新的证据，可能对希望支持女孩FMS水平最佳发展的从业者和研究人员有用。澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心：ACTRN12615000022561。
