Institute for Organic Chemistry and BMWZ, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Nat Rev Chem. 2024 Jan;8(1):61-78. doi: 10.1038/s41570-023-00564-0. Epub 2024 Jan 3.
Filamentous fungi produce a very wide range of complex and often bioactive metabolites, demonstrating their inherent ability as hosts of complex biosynthetic pathways. Recent advances in molecular sciences related to fungi have afforded the development of new tools that allow the rational total biosynthesis of highly complex specialized metabolites in a single process. Increasingly, these pathways can also be engineered to produce new metabolites. Engineering can be at the level of gene deletion, gene addition, formation of mixed pathways, engineering of scaffold synthases and engineering of tailoring enzymes. Combination of these approaches with hosts that can metabolize low-value waste streams opens the prospect of one-step syntheses from garbage.
丝状真菌产生非常广泛的复杂且通常具有生物活性的代谢产物，这表明它们作为复杂生物合成途径宿主的固有能力。与真菌相关的分子科学的最新进展提供了新的工具，这些工具允许在单个过程中合理地全合成高度复杂的特殊代谢物。越来越多的，这些途径也可以被工程化以产生新的代谢物。工程可以在基因缺失、基因添加、混合途径的形成、支架合酶的工程和修饰酶的工程等水平上进行。将这些方法与能够代谢低价值废料流的宿主相结合，为从垃圾中一步合成开辟了前景。
