Berman H A, Decker M M, Jo S
Dev Biol. 1987 Mar;120(1):154-61. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(87)90113-8.
Developmental regulation, from the fetal period to 11 months of age, and the influence of denervation on the appearance and disappearance of the molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuchE) in rat skeletal muscle were examined. The enzyme forms were extracted from anterior tibialis in 0.01 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, containing 1 N NaCl, 0.01 M EGTA, 1% Triton X-100, and a cocktail of antiproteases, and analyzed by velocity sedimentation on 5-20% linear sucrose gradients. Three principal forms, denoted by sedimentation coefficients of 4, 10.8, and 16 S, were observed in muscle from all age groups. The amounts of each of the molecular forms of AchE and BuchE in skeletal muscle exhibited distinct and reciprocal patterns of appearance and disappearance during pre- and postnatal development. In tissue derived from animals less than 2 weeks of age, BuchE represented the predominant component of activity in the 4 S form, was present equally with AchE in the 10.8 S form, and was subordinate to AchE in the 16 S form. Between 1 and 2 weeks of age a progressive increase in AchE activities coincident with a reduction in BuchE activities resulted in inversion in the amounts of the two enzymes present in adult muscle. Denervation of muscle caused a dramatic reduction in the presence of AchE molecular forms with no discernable influence on the presence of BuchE molecular forms. These results indicate that biosynthesis of BuchE is strictly regulated in a reciprocal manner with that of AchE, and that BuchE metabolism is independent of the state of muscle innervation. Increased synthesis of AchE and either reduced synthesis or increased degradation of BuchE can account for the reciprocal regulation of these enzymes. These characteristics of mammalian muscle contrast sharply with characteristics deduced for avian tissue (Silman et al. (1979) Nature (London) 280, 160-162). The innervation-independent metabolism of BuchE and the diverse modes of its regulation in different tissue from different species signify that BuchE function may be unrelated to cholinergic neurotransmission.
研究了从胎儿期到11月龄大鼠骨骼肌中乙酰胆碱酯酶（AchE）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（BuchE）分子形式的发育调控，以及去神经支配对其出现和消失的影响。酶形式从含有1 N NaCl、0.01 M EGTA、1% Triton X - 100和蛋白酶抑制剂混合物的pH 7.0的0.01 M磷酸钠缓冲液中的胫前肌中提取，并通过在5 - 20%线性蔗糖梯度上的速度沉降进行分析。在所有年龄组的肌肉中均观察到三种主要形式，沉降系数分别为4、10.8和16 S。在出生前和出生后的发育过程中，骨骼肌中AchE和BuchE各分子形式的含量呈现出明显且相反的出现和消失模式。在小于2周龄动物的组织中，BuchE是4 S形式活性的主要成分，在10.8 S形式中与AchE含量相当，在16 S形式中低于AchE。在1至2周龄之间，AchE活性逐渐增加，同时BuchE活性降低，导致成年肌肉中两种酶的含量发生反转。肌肉去神经支配导致AchE分子形式的存在显著减少，而对BuchE分子形式的存在没有明显影响。这些结果表明，BuchE的生物合成与AchE的生物合成以相反的方式受到严格调控，并且BuchE的代谢独立于肌肉神经支配状态。AchE合成增加以及BuchE合成减少或降解增加可以解释这些酶的反向调控。哺乳动物肌肉的这些特征与鸟类组织的特征形成鲜明对比（Silman等人，（1979年）《自然》（伦敦）280，160 - 162）。BuchE的神经支配非依赖性代谢及其在不同物种不同组织中的多种调控模式表明，BuchE的功能可能与胆碱能神经传递无关。
