Department of Public Health, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2023 Dec 19;11:1214725. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1214725. eCollection 2023.
Although the impact of illness perception on medication adherence is well-established, its specific influence on medication adherence in Ethiopia remains unclear. Consequently, the objective of this study was to examine the association between illness perception and medication adherence among patients with diabetes mellitus in the North Shoa Zone.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 24 May to 25 June 2022 in the North Shoa zone. The study included a random sample of 552 individuals with diabetes from four public hospitals. Data was collected and entered into Epi Data V.3.1, and analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize continuous variables as means with standard deviations, while categorical variables were presented as percentages. The study variables were analyzed using binary logistic regression models to assess the associations between illness perception and medication adherence. In the bivariable analysis, variables with -values less than 0.20 were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model. Associations with a -value ≤0.05 and an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were considered statistically significant.
The study results revealed that medication adherence was 64.4% (95% CI: 60.1, 67.9), while illness perception was 54.7% (95% CI, 41.2, 49.4). There was a significant and strong association between illness perception and medication adherence ( < 0.0001). In the adjusted model, the illness perception components of consequence showed a significant association with medication adherence (AOR = 3.10, 95% CI: 2.11, 4.55). Similarly, personal control (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.61) and emotional representation of diabetes (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.54, 3.32) were also significantly associated with medication adherence in patients with diabetes.
The findings of this study indicate a positive association between higher illness perception and increased medication adherence and practice. Therefore, when engaging in discussions about diabetic self-management, diabetes educators should employ psychoeducational approaches that take into account the illness perceptions of patients.
尽管疾病认知对药物依从性的影响已得到充分证实，但在埃塞俄比亚，其对药物依从性的具体影响仍不清楚。因此，本研究旨在探讨北绍阿地区糖尿病患者的疾病认知与药物依从性之间的关联。
这是一项 2022 年 5 月 24 日至 6 月 25 日在北绍阿地区进行的基于机构的横断面研究。该研究从四家公立医院中随机抽取了 552 名糖尿病患者作为样本。数据由 Epi Data V.3.1 录入，使用 SPSS 版本 22 进行分析。连续变量用均值加标准差表示，分类变量用百分比表示。使用二元逻辑回归模型分析研究变量，以评估疾病认知与药物依从性之间的关联。在单变量分析中，将 - 值小于 0.20 的变量纳入多变量逻辑回归模型。具有 - 值≤0.05 和 95%置信区间的比值比被认为具有统计学意义。
研究结果显示，药物依从性为 64.4%（95%CI：60.1，67.9），而疾病认知为 54.7%（95%CI：41.2，49.4）。疾病认知与药物依从性之间存在显著且较强的关联（<0.0001）。在调整后的模型中，疾病认知的后果成分与药物依从性显著相关（AOR=3.10，95%CI：2.11，4.55）。同样，个人控制（AOR=1.77，95%CI：1.20，2.61）和糖尿病的情绪表达（AOR=2.26，95%CI：1.54，3.32）也与糖尿病患者的药物依从性显著相关。
本研究结果表明，较高的疾病认知与更高的药物依从性和实践呈正相关。因此，在进行糖尿病自我管理的讨论时，糖尿病教育者应该采用考虑患者疾病认知的心理教育方法。
