Calzada D, Bartra J, Serrano C D, Riggioni S, Moran E, Maselli J P, Silva D L, Ramirez L F, Pascal M, Carnés J, Valero A
Unidad I+D, LETI Pharma. S.L.U., Madrid, Spain.
Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS Barcelona, RICORS, Spain.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2025 Apr 22;35(2):114-121. doi: 10.18176/jiaci.0968. Epub 2024 Jan 4.
To analyze sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and to investigate the association between diagnostic findings and clinical severity in 218 allergic patients from 2 continents.
Mite-allergic patients were recruited by allergology departments in Latin America (n=88: Colombia, Costa Rica, and Guatemala) and Spain (n=130). All patients had allergic rhinitis with or without asthma and positive skin prick test results to D pteronyssinus. Specific IgE levels to D pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23 were quantified using ImmunoCAP (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The allergenic profile was also determined by Western blotting. A comparative statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad software.
Patients most frequently recognized Der p 2 (79%), followed by Der p 1 (73%) and Der p 23 (69%). The percentage of patients with asthma increased with the number of sensitizations; however, no statistically significant differences were found. Interestingly, patients with asthma presented the highest median levels of total IgE and specific IgE for D pteronyssinus and molecular allergens, mainly Der p 2. Analysis of both populations revealed that Spanish patients were predominantly sensitized to Der p 2 (88.46%) and Der p 1 (83.84%), whereas Latin American patients were more sensitized to Der p 23.
Our data support the relevance of Der p 2 as the major allergen in mite allergy. A large percentage of patients are sensitized to this allergen, which plays a key role in the development of asthma. Sensitization to Der p 23 was more relevant in Latin America.
分析对屋尘螨的致敏情况，并调查来自两个大陆的218例过敏患者的诊断结果与临床严重程度之间的关联。
螨过敏患者由拉丁美洲（n = 88：哥伦比亚、哥斯达黎加和危地马拉）和西班牙（n = 130）的过敏科招募。所有患者均患有过敏性鼻炎，伴或不伴有哮喘，且对屋尘螨皮肤点刺试验结果呈阳性。使用免疫捕获法（赛默飞世尔科技公司）对屋尘螨、粉尘螨、Der p 1、Der p 2和Der p 23的特异性IgE水平进行定量。致敏原谱也通过蛋白质印迹法确定。使用GraphPad软件进行比较统计分析。
患者最常识别的是Der p 2（79%），其次是Der p 1（73%）和Der p 23（69%）。哮喘患者的百分比随致敏数量的增加而增加；然而，未发现统计学上的显著差异。有趣的是，哮喘患者的总IgE以及屋尘螨和分子变应原（主要是Der p 2）的特异性IgE中位数水平最高。对两组人群的分析显示，西班牙患者主要对Der p 2（88.46%）和Der p 1（83.84%）致敏，而拉丁美洲患者对Der p 23致敏性更高。
我们的数据支持Der p 2作为螨过敏主要变应原的相关性。很大一部分患者对该变应原致敏，其在哮喘的发展中起关键作用。对Der p 23的致敏在拉丁美洲更为相关。
