Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Arthropod Struct Dev. 2024 Jan;78:101325. doi: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101325. Epub 2024 Jan 4.
The parasitoid Torymus sinensis (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) has been successfully used in Italy since 2005 for biological control of the invasive cynipid Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), highly destructive for the economically relevant Castanea sativa (Fagales: Fagaceae). In order to investigate the morphological aspects related to sensorial behavior, a fine morphology study of the antennae and their sensilla was conducted by scanning electron microscopy on both sexes of T. sinensis. The antennae, composed of a scape, a pedicel and a flagellum with ten flagellomeres, had chaetic sensilla of six subtypes, placoid sensilla of three subtypes, trichoid sensilla, sensilla with a roundish grooved tip, and coeloconic sensilla. The chaetic sensilla of the first three subtypes were found in the scape and in the pedicel, and those of the last three subtypes, together with trichoid, roundish grooved tip and coeloconic sensilla, were found only on flagellomeres. Sexual dimorphism was detected in the morphology of the proper pedicel and the flagellum, and in the presence and distribution of the sensilla and their subtypes. The morphological aspects of the antenna of T. sinensis and of its sensilla were compared with those found in the family Torymidae and in other families of the extremely diverse superfamily Chalcidoidea.
肿腿蜂科寄生蜂 Torymus sinensis（膜翅目：肿腿蜂科）自 2005 年以来在意大利成功用于生物防治入侵的长尾小蜂 Dryocosmus kuriphilus（膜翅目：长尾小蜂科），后者对具有经济重要性的欧洲榛 Castanea sativa（壳斗目：山毛榉科）具有极强的破坏性。为了研究与感觉行为相关的形态学方面，通过扫描电子显微镜对 T. sinensis 雌雄两性的触角及其感器进行了精细形态学研究。触角由柄节、梗节和具 10 个鞭节的鞭节组成，具有 6 种亚型的毛形感器、3 种亚型的鳞形感器、刚毛形感器、具圆窝状凹槽顶端的感器和腔锥形感器。前 3 种亚型的毛形感器存在于柄节和梗节中，后 3 种亚型的毛形感器，以及刚毛形感器、具圆窝状凹槽顶端的感器和腔锥形感器，仅存在于鞭节上。在柄节和鞭节的形态以及感器及其亚型的存在和分布方面检测到了性二型性。T. sinensis 触角及其感器的形态与肿腿蜂科和其他极为多样化的超科 Chalcidoidea 家族中的发现进行了比较。
