School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Office of China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, Beijing 100193, PR China.
Office of China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Drug Monitoring and Control, Drug Intelligence and Forensic Center, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100193, PR China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Jan 15;270:115900. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115900. Epub 2024 Jan 4.
A thorough understanding of the degradation of chemical biomarkers in wastewater after the sampling is critical in the surveillance of illicit drug use based on the back-calculation technique. Herein, three temperatures, eight groups of matrices, and acidification were applied to simulate the preservation condition of 21 illicit drugs, their metabolites, and cotinine for a 240-day stability study. It was proved that the temperature, matrices, and acidification play vital roles in their stability in wastewater. Most of them demonstrated high stability (transformation rates < 20%) during room temperature for 45 days, and the transformation rates decreased while the storage temperature reduced. The stability of the target compounds such as cocaine (COC), 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), and amphetamine (AM) is influenced by matrices. Acidification prevented the majority of analytes from transforming, making it a feasible solution for preservation after sampling. A model that combined the effects of temperature and matrix was developed to back-calculate the concentration of target compounds during the postsampling process. The feasibility of this model was validated by correcting the loss of COC and 6-MAM from 24.2% and 16.2% to 2.98% and 2.77%. This study simulated a typical large-scale sampling and storage scenario. The effect of the temperature, pH, and matrix on in-sample stability and the postsampling analysis of selected target compounds was investigated for the first time in this study.
全面了解采样后化学标志物在废水中的降解情况，对于基于反推技术的非法药物使用监测至关重要。本研究通过三种温度、八组基质和酸化条件来模拟 21 种非法药物、其代谢物和可替宁的保存条件，进行了 240 天的稳定性研究。结果表明，温度、基质和酸化对它们在废水中的稳定性起着重要作用。在室温下 45 天内，大多数化合物表现出较高的稳定性（转化率<20%），而随着储存温度的降低，转化率降低。可卡因（COC）、6-单乙酰吗啡（6-MAM）和苯丙胺（AM）等目标化合物的稳定性受基质影响。酸化可以防止大多数分析物发生转化，是采样后保存的一种可行方法。建立了一个结合温度和基质效应的模型，用于反推目标化合物在采样后过程中的浓度。通过将 COC 和 6-MAM 的损失从 24.2%和 16.2%修正为 2.98%和 2.77%，验证了该模型的可行性。本研究模拟了典型的大规模采样和储存情况。首次研究了温度、pH 值和基质对样品内稳定性和选定目标化合物采样后分析的影响。
