Zhou Hao, Peng Ke, Wang Jun, Wang Yang, Wang Jia-Jia, Sun Shi-Kun, Shi Mai-Qing, Chen Jun, Ji Fu-Hai, Wang Xu
Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Anesthesiology and Institute of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023 Dec 21;11:1339941. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1339941. eCollection 2023.
Bacterial pneumonia poses a significant global public health challenge, where unaddressed pathogens and inflammation can exacerbate acute lung injury and prompt cytokine storms, increasing mortality rates. Alveolar macrophages are pivotal in preserving lung equilibrium. Excessive inflammation can trigger necrosis in these cells, disrupting the delicate interplay between inflammation and tissue repair. We obtained extracellular vesicle from aloe and tested the biosafety by cell viability and hemolysis assays. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry were used to detect the uptake and internalization of extracellular vesicle by macrophages and the ability of extracellular vesicle to affect the phenotypic reprogramming of macrophages . Finally, we conducted a clinical feasibility study employing clinical bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a representative model to assess the effective repolarization of macrophages influenced by extracellular vesicle. In our study, we discovered the potential of extracellular vesicle nanovesicles derived from aloe in reprograming macrophage phenotypes. Pro-inflammatory macrophages undergo a transition toward an anti-inflammatory immune phenotype through phagocytosing and internalizing these aloe vera-derived extracellular vesicle nanovesicles. This transition results in the release of anti-inflammatory IL-10, effectively curbing inflammation and fostering lung tissue repair. These findings firmly establish the immunomodulatory impact of aloe-derived extracellular vesicle nanovesicles on macrophages, proposing their potential as a therapeutic strategy to modulate macrophage immunity in bacterial pneumonia.
细菌性肺炎是一项重大的全球公共卫生挑战，未得到解决的病原体和炎症会加剧急性肺损伤并引发细胞因子风暴，从而提高死亡率。肺泡巨噬细胞在维持肺部平衡方面起着关键作用。过度炎症会引发这些细胞坏死，破坏炎症与组织修复之间微妙的相互作用。我们从芦荟中提取细胞外囊泡，并通过细胞活力和溶血试验检测其生物安全性。利用共聚焦显微镜和流式细胞术检测巨噬细胞对细胞外囊泡的摄取和内化情况，以及细胞外囊泡影响巨噬细胞表型重编程的能力。最后，我们进行了一项临床可行性研究，以临床支气管肺泡灌洗液作为代表性模型，评估细胞外囊泡对巨噬细胞有效极化的影响。在我们的研究中，我们发现了芦荟来源的细胞外囊泡纳米囊泡在重编程巨噬细胞表型方面的潜力。促炎巨噬细胞通过吞噬和内化这些芦荟来源的细胞外囊泡纳米囊泡，向抗炎免疫表型转变。这种转变导致抗炎性白细胞介素-10的释放，有效抑制炎症并促进肺组织修复。这些发现有力地证实了芦荟来源的细胞外囊泡纳米囊泡对巨噬细胞的免疫调节作用，表明它们有可能作为一种治疗策略来调节细菌性肺炎中的巨噬细胞免疫。
