Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, 400076, India.
MIT School of Bioengineering Sciences and Research, MIT ADT University, Loni Kalbhor, Pune 412201, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jan;254(Pt 3):127736. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127736. Epub 2023 Oct 29.
Ionogels are highly conductive gels made from ionic liquids dispersed in a matrix made of organic or inorganic materials. Ionogels are known for high ionic conductivity, flexibility, high thermal and electrochemical stability. These characteristics make them suitable for sensing and biosensing applications. This review discusses about the two main constituents, ionic liquids and matrix, used to make ionogels and effect of these materials on the characteristics of ionogels. Here, the material properties like mechanical, electrochemical and stability are discussed for both polymer matrix and ionic liquid. We have briefly described about the fabrication methods like 3D printing, sol-gel, blade coating, spin coating, aerosol jet printing etc., used to make films or coating of these ionogels. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are also briefly summarized. Finally, the last section provides a few examples of application of flexible ionogels in areas like wearables, human-machine interface, electronic skin and detection of biological molecules.
离子凝胶是由离子液体分散在有机或无机材料基质中制成的高导电性凝胶。离子凝胶以高离子电导率、柔韧性、高热和电化学稳定性而闻名。这些特性使它们适用于传感和生物传感应用。本文综述了用于制备离子凝胶的两种主要成分，即离子液体和基质，以及这些材料对离子凝胶特性的影响。本文讨论了聚合物基质和离子液体的机械、电化学和稳定性等材料特性。我们简要描述了用于制备这些离子凝胶薄膜或涂层的制造方法，如 3D 打印、溶胶-凝胶、刮刀涂布、旋涂、气溶胶喷射印刷等。简要总结了每种方法的优缺点。最后一部分提供了一些例子，说明柔性离子凝胶在可穿戴设备、人机界面、电子皮肤和生物分子检测等领域的应用。
