Olsen D B, Fukumasu H, Nakagaki M, Nielsen S D, Kessler T R, Lawson J L, Kolff J
Med Instrum. 1979 Jul-Aug;13(4):218-22.
The criteria for the design, selection of materials, and fabrication of a total artificial heart have evolved over several years. As these criteria have become more sophisticated and exact, they have optimized the performance of all components within the system. A pump with sufficient volume and pressure output that fits in the available anatomic space was a primary objective. Concomitantly, a nonthrombogenic, durable material that was nondegradable in body fluids was being developed. The most easily managed energy source selected to date has been pulsed, compressed air programmed for gentle but effective systole and diastole. The evolution of good cardiac valves has been of major importance to the artificial heart effort. The historical development of the artificial heart has often centered around existing prosthetic valves which are currently an integral component of the complete system. A detailed analysis of the performance of the total artificial heart clearly identifies the role of the cardiac valve.
全人工心脏的设计、材料选择和制造标准历经数年不断演变。随着这些标准变得更加精细和精确，它们优化了系统内所有组件的性能。首要目标是打造一个输出量和压力足够且能适配可用解剖空间的泵。与此同时，一种在体液中不可降解的非血栓形成耐用材料也在研发中。迄今为止选择的最易于管理的能量源是脉冲压缩空气，其程序设定为实现柔和而有效的收缩和舒张。优良心脏瓣膜的演变对人工心脏的研发至关重要。人工心脏的历史发展常常围绕现有的人工瓣膜展开，而这些瓣膜如今是完整系统不可或缺的组成部分。对全人工心脏性能的详细分析清晰地明确了心脏瓣膜的作用。
